196 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 332 



of moderate thickness is sufficient to shield from drifting spray 

 mist. In addition to the articles mentioned, goggles are sometimes 

 necessary for the protection of the eyes, and men with oversensitive 

 skin sometimes find it necessary to wear a mask over the face. 

 The latter is most likely to be necessary when the sulphur sprays 

 are being used. 



One should not expose himself more than necessary, for a few 

 instances have been noted where rather severe injury resulted from 

 continued exposure to spraying materials. 



Lotions for protection of face and hands. If one is to be sub- 

 jected for an extended period to the action of caustic insecticides, 

 the application of a simple lotion to the face and hands may avoid 

 much discomfort. The lime-sulphur wash and the soda-sulphur 

 washes are particularly caustic and even with the greatest care may 

 cause severe chapping and cracking. The writer has seen men 

 with hands so sore that they were forced to lay off several days for 

 their hands to heal. Such cases usually follow careless and unnec- 

 essary exposure. ' 



One of the most effective lotions which the writer has used 

 is raw linseed oil with a few drops of carbolic acid added. When 

 this is applied to the hands in the morning and at noon before work 

 is started and in small quantities to the cheeks and nose if needed, 

 one may avoid injury and the attending discomfort from this source. 

 In municipal spraying a little attention given to matters of this 

 kind by those in charge of the work contributes much toward the 

 morale of the workmen and thus lends efficiency to the work. 



SPRAYING MATERIALS 



The progress in our knowledge of spraying materials during 

 the last two decades has been quite as marked as has that con- 

 cerning spraying machinery. Perhaps the most striking feature 

 in connection with it has been a tendency to draw away from the 

 complex formulae of many ingredients and to adopt simpler ones 

 much less bothersome to prepare. This has been made possible 

 by the standardization of spraying materials and by the appearance 

 of a number of proprietary substances of great value, while the 

 entire movement in turn has resulted in a tremendous impetus in 

 the manufacturing of spraying materials on a commercial scale. 

 The matter of standardization has resulted partly from competition 

 and in part from the enactment and execution of regulatory laws. 



There are a few well-defined groups of spraying materials 

 today, each containing a few sprays, and from this comparatively 



