INSECT PESTS OF OHIO SHADE AND FOREST TREES 221 



illustration scarcely does the case at hand justice, since many speci- 

 mens which were present are not shown by the photograph. The 

 year this photograph was taken (1914) the disease was a very 

 important control agency at Dayton, Ohio. Thousands of dead 

 insects were found under every infested tree. 



One of the stink bugs, Apateticus maculiventris Say, is an 

 active destroyer of the larval, pupal and adult stages and has been 

 observed a number of times with one or the other .stages of the 

 insect impaled upon its beak. (See Plate XXV, Fig. 1.) 



In addition to the foregoing, Doctor Felt (9) records a number 

 of other insects as destructive of this species, and it is likely that 

 at least some of these and others as well are active in this State. 



Control. The most effective control method consists in spray- 

 ing with poisons at the time the young are most abundant. The 

 first spraying of the season, therefore, intended to control the first 

 brood of young should be made a week to 10 days after the foliage 

 is fully developed. If this treatment fails to subdue the outbreak, 

 a second may be made in midsummer against the second brood. In 

 timing these sprayings, however, it is best not to rely specifically 

 upon dates but rather to fit the application to the time of the appear- 

 ance of the depositing and hatching of the yellow egg masses. 

 Arsenate of lead is most generally used for the work. Rarely is it 

 used more dilute than 4 pounds to 50 gallons of water and some 

 entomologists recommend as much as 5 pounds to 50 gallons. (See 

 Plate XXVI, Figs. 1 and 2.) 



Banding the trees with a sticky material, such as tree tangle- 

 foot, in order to capture the descending larvae when migrating to 

 the base of the tree for pupating is sometimes used, but the results 

 do not justify the expense of application. Bands of burlap around 

 the tree trunks intended to attract the larvae as suitable pupation 

 centers likewise work better in theory than in practice, since the 

 labor of tending the bands is considerable and not all the beetle 

 larvae choose to pupate under them. While of some value, banding 

 as a whole scarcely can be considered a satisfactory control measure. 



Destroying the masses of pupae and larvae at the base of the 

 tree is practiced by some as a control measure. It is of considerable 

 value. The work may be done by an application of hot water or 

 any contact insecticide, such as lime-sulphur, kerosene emulsion or 

 soap solutions. The former is perhaps most practicable. 



As a final recommendation pertaining to the control of the 

 species, it is suggested for infested districts or those likely to be- 

 come infested at an early date, because of close proximity to existing 



