of the camp, a temporary narrow fighting 

 line, from which a back fire was set. Imme- 

 diately adjacent to and outside of this tempo- 

 rary line about three-fourths of the timber was 

 killed by the back fire to a distance of thirty 

 rods, but beyond this, where the main fire 

 passed, all of the standing young pine and 

 hardwoods were killed. The narrow Mance- 

 lona wagon road turned aside a heavy surface 

 fire for several miles. The old railroad grades 

 in Sections 12 and 1, in the path of the main 

 fire, also saved a tract of green timber, ancl 

 a number of temporary fire lines elsewhere 

 throughout the tract totally check the progress 

 of the fires. These examples are sufficient to 

 show that, with previously prepared fire lines, 

 accompanied with systematic patrol and fire 

 fighting, not more than one-tenth of the tract 

 at most would have been damaged by fire, 

 instead of the nine-tenths that was actually 

 burned over. 



So far as known, no assistance was rendered 

 the David Ward Estate by township or state 

 officials, except in one case, in which a town- 

 ship fire warden came over to the timber tract 

 at the request of the logging superintendent, 

 and warned a settler, who was determined to 

 set fire to his slashings where he was clear- 

 ing up land, not to set any fires. This warn- 

 ing was effective. 



The Fire Damage. 



A number of very careful estimates have 

 been made of the amount of timber now dead 



18 



