placed in the United States treasury as a permanent 

 fund for the benefit of all the Chippewa Indians in 

 Minnesota to draw five per cent interest, the principal 

 to be divided equally among the Indians fifty years 

 after the allotments of land had been made. At that 

 time 1889 we had not in this state nor in the country 

 generally become accustomed to handling pine timber 

 on forestry principles ; and the Act provided that each 

 forty acre tract, found after examination to contain 

 standing or growing pine timber, should be termed 

 "pine land" thus lumping timber and land together; 

 the examiner was to estimate the contents in board 

 feet of the pine timber standing, his report was to be 

 filed in the office of the Commissioner of the . General 

 Land Office, Washington, he to fix and note as to each 

 forty acres the value of the timber at the minimum price 

 of $3.00 per thousand feet board measure. After the 

 survey, examination and appraisals of such pine lands 

 were completed, the lands and timber, as part of the 

 lands, were to be offered at public sale at the local 

 United States land office of the district within which 

 the lands were located. The public sale usually con- 

 tinued but a few days. After the public sale the lands 

 were subject to private entry, at the minimum price. 



Owing mainly as I think to the forestry sentiment 

 which had been created in Minnesota, this law was 

 amended in important respects by the Act of Congress 

 of June 27, 1902, and the same law also created the 

 Minnesota National Forest, near Cass Lake. That act 

 introduced a few forestry rules in the handling and 

 disposal of the pine timber on the ceded Chippewa In- 

 dian lands. For example, it sold the timber separate 



10 



