42 



480 to 800 Ib. of Thomas phosphate per acre, and 320 to 48U 

 Ib. of kainit the first year, and 160 to 320 Ib. of Thomas phosphate 

 and 240 to 430 Ib. ol kainit afterwards. 



Professor Dr. Wm. Somerville, of Cambridge, said in "The 

 Land Magazine": "In the great majority of cases the character 

 of grass land can be far more cheaply and quickly improved, without 

 breaking it up (re-seeding), through the agency of manures, com- 

 posts, drainage, &c. ' At the Northumberland County Farm the 

 percentage of white clover is only 0.3 on ftie untreated ground, 

 whereas it is 15.6 on the plot which received 5 cwt. per acre of 

 Thomas phosphate less than two years ago. 



Mr. D. Hall, The Farm, Cark-in-Cartmel, after six experiments 

 with Thomas phosphate alone and with Thomas phosphate and sul- 

 phate of potash came to the conclusion that on calcareous soil 3 

 cwt. of Thomas phosphate and 1 cwt. of sulphate of potash should be 

 applied per acre, and not one manure only. 



At the County Council Farm in Lancashire 4 cwt. of Thomas 

 phosphate and 117 Tb. of muriate of potash was better than sulphate 

 of potash for clover hay. 



Messrs. J. A. Murray, B.Sc., and T. H. Middleton, B.Sc., Lec- 

 turers at University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, report on the 

 relative merits of superphosphate and Thomas phosphate, either 

 alone or with potash and nitrate of soda, that the results were 

 almost exactly equal. Nitrate of soda was a little better and 

 cheaper than sulphate of ammonia. The comparative value was 

 115 to 110. 



Professor Middleton, in his last annual report on experiments 

 conducted by the teaching staff of the Aberystwyth College, sums 

 up the results of the manuring of pasturing lands as follows: 

 "On examining the effects produced by two seasons' use of the 

 manures on the crops of this year, we find that in no case has nit- 

 rate of soda done much for the crop, and that over the whole 

 twelve plots it has slightly decreased the crop (of clover. ED.) 

 Superphosphate has 3n the average increased the crop, whether used 

 alone or with oth3r manures. It has done so most markedly 

 when combined with kainit. When so used the profit exceeded 

 100 per cent. Kainit has produced about twice as much increase as 

 superphosphate. It is clear that the land requires potash manures, 

 and that it will pay well for them. On the average of twelve 

 plots the profits from the outlay of 6/ for kainit amounted to 

 about 200 per cent., and in favorable cases rose to more than 300 

 per cent. In a favorable season a mixture of 4 cwt. kainit and 4 cwt. 

 superphosphate has yielded a profit of 200 per cent., and the follow- 

 ing mixture of manures is likely to yield a profit of at least 100 per 

 cent, in ordinary seasons. Two hundredweight Thomas phosphate 

 ipplied in autumn, 1 cwt. superphosphate applied in spring, and \. 

 cwt. kainit. in spring (?). 



Professor Wagner says that where on a meadow at Bayersreich, 

 rreatly in want of phosphoric acid and potash, in October, 1889, 6" 

 cwt. 40 Ib. of Thomas phosphate and 4 cwt. 80 Ib. of kainit per- 



