57 



were measuring 6 in. across the top. Mr. J. Christison, of Clare- 

 24.30), had 40 tons of roots per acre. Mr. J. C. F. Lauterbach, 

 of Waodside (31.14 in.), also cultivated mangolds for forty years- 

 successfully. Mr. D. Keilly, of Millicent (29 in.), had mangolds up 

 to 42 Ib. in weight, and another member had 80 tons to the acre. 

 Mr. S. Vanstone, of Minlaton (17.62 in.), stated that mangolds, 

 especially if manured with superphosphate, had done well on hi* 

 salt lands, before considered valueless. Mr. G. H. Vickery, of the 

 Meadows (34 J in), says that 15 in. of rain are desirable for mangolds r 

 but they can be grown also at the Burra, Booleroo, Netley, in the 

 North-East, Bundaleer, Wirrabara, and many other places of tfce- 

 North. He fallows the land mainly to destroy insects. 



The late Dr. Voelker recommended 3 cwt. of superphosphate 

 2 cwt. of kainit, and 1 cwt. of nitrate of soda per acre. The late 

 H. C. C. Schmidt, of Tanunda (21.36 in.), recommends 20 to 24 

 tons of farmyard manure, or 3^ cwt. bonedust or superphosphate, 

 1 cwt. muriate of potash, and 1 cwt. of sulphate of ammonia. TLe 

 'Farm, Field, and Fireside'' recommend 15 to 20 tons farmyard 

 manure, 3 cwt. of phosphate, 2 cwt. nitrate of soda or of sulphate 

 of ammonia, 2 cwt. kainit, and 3 cwt. salt. Nitrate should be give^ 

 in two doses. Sulphate should be applied before the other 

 fertilisers, and some prefer it to nitrate for mangolds. Mr. T. 

 Williams, of the German Creek Estate (31.82 in.), near Mount 

 Gambier, had 55 acres under mangolds in 1895, and the crop, which- 

 was estimated to contain from 80 to 100 tons of roots per acre, was- 

 expected to fatten off 1,000 sheep. He sows in drills 30 in. apart 

 about 3 Ib. per acre. They grow only to half-size during the spring, 

 and the autumn rains make them grow full size. If used too soon- 

 they scour the stock. Mr. Langberg steeped his seed in liquid 

 manure, and put them to sweat in an iron tank. The Globe- 

 Mangels are best for shallow soil, the Long Red richest in sac- 

 charine matter. 



At Ringarooma, in Tasmania, up to 30 tons per acre are grown 

 without manure ; 16 tons with stable manure in North Bruni, and- 

 15 tons wrGh 4 cwt. bonedust. In 1898-9 the average of 1,540- 

 acres was, however, 19.32 tons, and in the dry 1899-0 13.40 tons on 

 1,244 acres. At New Zealand 8,051 acres were under man- 

 golds in 1900. At Momohaki Experimental Station unmanured 3 

 plots yielded only 14 tons 7 cwt. per acre; 7 cwt. steamed bone- 

 dust and 1J cwt. of Thomas phosphate, 53 tons 12J cwt. of root*, 

 and 10 tons 1^ cwt. of top ; with green bonedust and phosphates,, 

 somewhat less. 



LUCERNE OR ALFALFA. 



Very interesting experiments were made by Mayor Hed- 

 daeus, at Wolfskehlen, on medium heavy clay soil at two diffe- 

 rent farms. In November, 1894, he manured six plots each of 1 

 ar (10 = J acre) at the rate of 800 Ib.per acre of kainit, adding for a 

 crop of oats 80 Ib. of nitrate of soda in April, 1895 ; six others with 



