78 



per acre over the unmanured, 6 cwt. of Thomas phosphate, 65 Ib. of 

 kainit, and 130 Ib. of nitrate of soda having been applied. I con- 

 clude this with the words lately frequently used : "Potash is the 

 dominant manure for leguminous crops." 



HOPS. 



Experiments in manuring have been made in 1899 in 

 Germany. There were in each case five plots of 100 plants. One 

 unmanured, No. 2 complete manure, with 100 gramm. Thomas phos- 

 phate, 90 g. of 40 per cent, kainit, and 110 g. of nitrate of soda. No. 

 3 omitted nitrate of soda, No. 4 omitted potash, No. 5 omitted 

 Thomas phosphate. The mean crop of the experiments was 54 

 per cent, more from the complete manure, No. 2, than from the un- 

 manured plot. The cost of the manure was 3/6 for the 100 plants, 

 and the crop more than 18 Ib. better. Mr. Deininger had with 

 complete dung 22 Ib. more dry hops, Mr. Distler 24 Ib. more. 

 Without nitrate of soda they had each 12 Ib. more, without potash 

 respectively 8 Ib. and 12 Ib. more, without Thomas phosphate 11 and 

 16 Ib. more than from the unmanured plot of 100 plants. The 

 profit was with the complete manuring respectively 11/6 and 14/. 

 In an experiment made by Mr. Baumeister the soil had sufficient 

 potash, but hardly any phosphoric acid, so that the results were : 

 With complete manure and without potash, these were equal ; with- 

 out Thomas phosphate, equal with the unmanured plot; and with- 

 out nitrate of soda, only 4 Ib. more. Mr. J. Meyer found in his 

 soil so much phosphoric acid that the omission of Thomas phosphate 

 was not so serious a diminution of the crop against complete 

 manuring ; the former was 21 Ib., the latter 26 Ib. But the omis- 

 sion of nitrate of soda gave only 6 Ib., and the omission of potash 

 11 Ib. more than the unmanured plot. Mineral manuring influenced 

 the quality of the hops favorably. 



In Kent, England, large quantities 3 to 4 cwt. of dissolved 

 Peruvian guano #re said to be used. 



In Tasmania a crop of about 595,000 Ib. was the average taken 

 during the last two years from 651 acres under crop. Last year there 

 was an increase of 118 acres. New Zealand had 994 acres with 

 hops, and exported 6,228 cwt. 



TOBACCO. 



Mr. W. W. Heath, of the Finniss Branch, says in his paper : 

 "Deep and thorough working will always pay, and the more manure 

 the greater and better ( ?) the crop. Old land in good heart, with 

 artificial manure, is good, but new land or virgin soil, with the 

 same quantity of manure, is far better." American authorities 

 are not of opinion that all manures, or. even suitable manures, 

 in excess are desirable. Chlorine contained in common salt, kainit. 

 muriate of potash, are very injurious to the burning of tobacco. 

 Even sulphate of potash and phosphoric acid should not be used 

 to excess, nor nitrogen in the form of raw animal fertilisers or fresh 

 dung. Mr. Butterwick, of Florida, says that generally from 200 



