81 



3 to 4 Ib. ; 3, compost, 22 Ib. in autumn, winter, or spring; 4, 

 larmyard manure, 10 Ib., same time ; 5, Thomas phosphate. 

 H to 2t!r oz., same time; 6 V muriate of potash, f to 1 

 oz., same time; 7, nitrate of soda, -J to 2 oz., half at the time of 

 potash and phosphate, half in spring. The mode of ascertaining the 

 number of square yards to enable you to work out the quantity 

 of manure to be given to a tree is to multiply half the diameter of 

 the crown of the tree by itself, and again multiply the product 

 bv 3.14, as 5 x 5 = 25, and 25 multiplied by 3.14, say, 75 square 

 yards. The tree would require 75 times 2 oz. Thomas phosphate, or 

 9 Ib. 6 oz. ; 75 times H oz. nitrate of soda = 5 Ib. 14 oz. ; and 

 75 times 1 oz. muriate of potash = 4 Ib. 11 oz. Closely planted 

 orchards would require per acrf; 7 to 10 cwt. Thomas phosphate, 

 2 to 3 cwt. muriate of potash, and 2 to 6 cwt. of nitrate of soda, the 

 latter only to be increased from 2 cwt. if wood formation must be 

 forced. 



M. J. S. Wagner says in the "Journal de 1' Agriculture'' that 

 trees must be manured not less than one yard in circumference 

 beyond the surface covered by the crown of the tree. He recom- 

 mends 9 Ib. of an organic fertiliser .like blood manure per square 

 yard in autumn, winter, or early spring ; also liquid manure, about 

 9 pints, in spring or summer, supplemented with a phosphatic fer- 

 tiliser, 5 to 7 pints of nightsoil, supplemented by a potash salt, 

 can also be given in spring or summer 20 Ib. of compost in autumn, 

 winter, or spring. If commercial fertilisers are to be used, 20 f o 

 50 grammes of a phosphatic-potassic dressing, consisting of 40 to 60 

 gr. of 15 per cent. Thomas phosphate and 20 to 30 gr. muriate of 

 potash should be used in autumn, winter, or early spring, and 30 to 

 50 gr. of nitrate of soda in spring. 



A London paper, "The Fruitgrower," says that analysis has 

 shown that in each 10 Ib. of apples there is but 0.008 Ib. of nitro- 

 gen and only 0.00.1 Ib. of phosphoric acid, and that, therefore, both 

 are not much required. But there is in 10 Ib. of apples a larger 

 quantity of potash. 0.013 Ib., and in an average crop of 75,000 Ib. per 

 acre 7-? Ib. would be removed. After ten such crops the orchard 

 would probably cease to bear, simply because there is nothing in the 

 soil to produce fruit, and the trees may still appear fairly vigorous. 

 The remedy is, of course, to manure. 



The London "Fruitgrower and Market Gardener'' proposes 

 2 cwt. per acre, to be applied in autumn of one part of potash 

 and three parts of phosphoric acid. To obtain nitrogen for the trees 

 he advises green manuring, and prefers before all others to grow 

 turnips until a good bulb is formed, and then to pull and toss them 

 in a heap, which, when decayed, is spread and ploughed in. 



Mr. E. Beekmaii, of Middleton, New Jersey, U.S., used per acre 

 on Pippins 512 Ib. of bonedust, 2.8 Ib. of nitrate of soda, and 153 

 Ib. of muriate of potash, and collected 6,726 Ib., against 5,504 Ib. 

 where not manured, and the apples were of far finer quality and 

 color. With double the quantities given to Keswick Codlins, and 

 especially if 307. Ib. of muriate of potash was used with the bone- 



