90 



Gtainit was used, other potash salts might have given better results. 

 All the crops with commercial manures matured earlier and were 

 more crisp and tender. Professor Dr. P. Wagner used in 1897 

 (per acre) 640 Ib. of Thomas phosphate, 480 Ib. nitrate of soda-, 

 .and actually 1,920 Ib. of kainit. Result, 21,440 Ib. more of cabbages 

 ;than from the unmanured acre. 



CAULIFLOWERS. Light dunging, with the addition of commer- 

 'Cials, produced at Hadlow better results at less cost than 25 tons 

 dung. The average of four crops was per head 4 Ib. 5 oz. from 

 the former, against 4 Ib. 3 oz. from the latter, when 12^ tons 

 dung, phosphates, kainit, and 2 cwt. of nitrate of soda was given. 

 According to E. Von Wolff's analysis, 15,000 Ib. of cauliflowers and 

 trunks per acre require 100 Ib. of nitrogen, 371 Ib. phosphoric acM, 

 and 109 Ib. potash. It may, therefore, be advisable to use 25 loads 

 dung, 400 Ib. nitrate of soda in two doses, 200 to 250 Ib. Thomas 

 phosphate, and 120 Ib. of muriate of potash, or without dung, 6 cwt. 

 nitrate of soda, 5 cwt. Thomas phosphate, and 340 Ib. of potash. 



CARROTS. Many French Agricultural teachers made experi- 

 ments with 1,600 Ib. Thomas phosphate, 160 Ib. sulphate of potash, 

 and 160 Ib. nitrate of soda per acre. The lowest return was 

 1,600 Ib. more than from unmanured soil, the highest 6,080 Ib. more. 

 Near Osterode, in the Harz Mountains, experiments were made on 

 .a heavy clay soil, which had received stable dung to previous crops 

 of vegetables. When 240 Ib. of muriate of potash, 520 Ib. of Thomas 

 phosphate, and 312 Ib. nitrate of soda per acre were given, the 

 increase over unmanured was 11,200 Ib. The muriate of potash 

 seemed to be more required than the other fertilisers, where only two 

 were used. Thomas phosphate and muriate were given with the seed, 

 the nitrate of soda before the first and second hoeing. Some 

 crops have apparently much greater difficulty in obtaining their 

 necessary supplies of potash than others, and carrots seem one of the 

 former. It is generally admitted that it is best to sow carrots on 

 land which received dung to a previous crop, and to use commercials 

 when sowing. Where 12-i tons dung per acre had been used at 

 Hadlow to a previous crop 18 tons of carrots were the result; but 

 with the addition of 6 cwt. of phosphates and 2 cwt. of nitrate of soda 

 the crop was 22 J tons, and with the further addition of 4 cwt. of kainit 

 "25J tons. Land that had received no dung to the preceding crop 

 yielded 17 J tons. When, however, instead of dung 4 cwt. nitrate of 

 soda and the phosphate and 4 cwt. kainit had been applied, 24J tons 

 was the result. 



CELERY. 300 Ib. Thomas phosphate, 336 Ib. nitrate of soda, and 

 220 Ib. sulphate of potash per acre are recommended. Where dung 

 is to be used it should be applied to a former crop, and only com- 

 mercials given containing, according to Mr. R. L. James, 10 per cent, 

 potash, 7 per cent, phosphoric acid, and 4 per cent, nitrogen. 



CUCUMBERS. Mr. C. Vibrans, of Calvoerde, manured a good 

 sandy soil with dung and with 480 Ib. of Thomas phosphate, 200 

 Ib. nitrate of soda, and 240 Ib. of muriate of potash per acre, and 

 obtained on the average 12,877 Ib. of cucumbers, against 8,885 Ib 

 from beds not manured with commercials, and the number and size 



