112 ON THE UAKARI MONKEYS. 



The submaxillary glands are also large ; in contact with the parotids 

 above, they nearly meet each other below. A few small accessory 

 lobules appear superficially towards the anterior part. The glands are 

 covered to a large extent by the jaw, running up on the deep side of the 

 ascending ramus of the mandible, and covering there the digastric 

 muscle ; at the angle of the jaw they appear superficially. The sub- 

 lingual glands, well developed, extend back in the floor of the mouth for 

 1 inch behind the subllngua. 



On opening the abdomen, the great length and narrowness of the 

 abdominal cavity are striking. The caecum occupies super ficuilly nearly 

 all the posterior part of the abdominal cavity, filling up thus nearly one 

 third of the whole. Behind, it rests on the bladder, covering the 

 rectum ; its apex, directed downwards, lies in the right iliac region. 

 The descending colon is quite superficial and lengthy, as is the ascen- 

 ding, which is also superficial, except in the middle ; the transverse, 

 P.Z. S. 1880, on the contrary, is very short*. (It was partly intussuscepted.) The 

 p. 634. stomach was visible in the left hypochondriac region, the liver appearing 

 all across the abdomen. The great omentum did not cover any of the 

 viscera as now exposed ; it was attached only to the upper part of the 

 ascending colon, for about 2 inches. It contained no fat, the animal 

 being, it is to be remembered, considerably emaciated. 



The stomach is of the usual Simian form, with a globular cardiac 

 cul-de-sac, and fairly distinct tubular pyloric part ; it measured 3 inches 

 in length by 1 J deep. The pyloric constriction is distinct ; and towards 

 that part the walls become thicker. Internally there is a distinct thick 

 ridge on the lesser curvature, f inch to the right of the oesophagus, 

 dividing off the pyloric part, which is quite smooth internally, whilst the 

 mucous membrane of the cardiac part has a few irregular, slightly 

 developed rugae. 



The length of the intestines is as follows : 



inches. 



Small intestine 103-5 



Large 19-0 



Caecum (distended) 6-0 



I append (p. 113) a few measurements of the alimentary canal of other 

 species of Cebine Monkeys for comparison. 



P. Z. S. 1880, As far as can be judged from the few examples given in this table, 

 p. 635. Brachyurus rubicundus apparently has a greater absolute, and even 

 greater relative, length of intestines and caecum than any other New- 

 world Monkey, including even the considerably larger Lagoihrix. This 



* In Pithecia satanas the transverse colon hardly exists, the descending colon being 

 bent sharply back upon the ascending. The caecum lay altogether to the right of the 

 descending colon and rectum ; the latter, therefore, was not hidden by it. 



