204 ON THE LATE PROF. GARROD's CONTRIBUTIONS 



2. Heteralocha*. In 1872 the true affinities of the Huia bird were 

 quite uncertain, many authorities placing it amongst the Hoopoes 

 (Upupidae). From ail examination of the specimen that lived in the 

 Zoological Society's Garden's, Prof. Garrod was enabled to show that it 

 was truly Passerine, and not only so, but in many respects so peculiarly 

 Sturnine'f as to entitle it to a place " at the head of the family." 



3. jSteatornis%. Besides the myology and visceral anatomy, the 

 pterylosis, skull, and syrinx (which is "bronchial") are particularly 

 described and figured. The result arrived at, as regards the systematic 

 position of Steatornis, is that it must form a family by itself, with strong 

 affinities to the Owls, Caprimulgidse, and Coraciidee and their allies. 



4. Columbce. In these papers the number of the rectrices (varying 

 from twelve to twenty in different genera), together with the presence 

 or absence of the oil-gland, of the caeca, and of the ambiens muscle, 

 is recorded in a large number of forms, and, from the various combinations 

 of characters so obtained, an attempt is made to divide up the group of 

 Pigeons, in which are included the Pteroclidae, in a more natural way 

 than has hitherto been done. Attention is also called to the charac- 

 teristic form of the humerus in these birds, as well as to the peculiar 

 form of the gizzard in the genus Ptilopus, there being here four crushing- 

 pads, instead of two as in all other birds, including even Treron. 



Ibis, 1881 I n CarpopTiaga latrans the stomach is even more peculiar ; for here 

 p. 21. the epithelial lining of the gizzard is developed into about two dozen 

 horny conical processes, like the tubercles of a Cidaris or similar Sea- 

 urchin. A similar condition has been described by MM. Verreaux and 

 Des Mars in G. goliath of New Caledonia || ; but no other species of 

 Garpophaga yet examined shows any trace of such a structure. 



5. Psittaci^. In these papers, as in the last, the condition of certain 

 structures is recorded in a large number of forms, and from the 



* "Notes on the Anatomy of the Huia Bird (Heteralocha gouldi)," P.Z.S. 1872, 

 pp. 643-647. 



f Mr. Sharpe must, we fear, have overlooked thia paper of Prof. GarrocVs, as he 

 still retains Heteralocha amongst the Corvidae (Cat. Birds, iii. p. 143), quite in 

 opposition to the conclusions above stated. 



J " On some Points in the Anatomy of Steatornis" P. Z. S. 1873, pp. 526-535. 



"On some Points in the Anatomy of the Columbce" P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 249-259; 

 " Notes on two Pigeons, lanthcenas leucol&ma and Erythrwnas pulcherrima," P. Z. S. 

 1875, p. 367; "Note on the Gizzard and other Organs of Carpophaga latrans" 

 P. Z. S. 1878, pp. 102-105. 



|| This has lately been described at greater length and figured by M. Viallanes 

 (Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 6, vii. art. no. 12). 



^f " On Points in the Anatomy of the Parrots which bear on the Classification 

 of the Suborder," P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 586-598, pis. Ixx., Ixxi. ; "Notes on the Anatomy 

 of certain Parrots," P. Z. S. 1876, pp, 691, 692 ; " Note on the Absence or Presence of 

 a Gall-bladder in the Family of Parrots," P. Z. S. 1877, p. 793. 



