INTRODUCTION. 



r I ^HE object of this little " manual " is to enable a 

 -*- novice to collect, identify, and arrange systemati- 

 cally the various shells both land and freshwater which 

 abound in every part of these islands. 



Remembering the difficulties that I at first encountered 

 in identifying the various species, I have paid special 

 attention to those which are likely to present themselves 

 to other beginners. 



To this end I have framed synoptical tables of the 

 differences between those species of Zonites and Vertigo 

 which are most closely allied. 



I have also shown in a tabular form the relations the 

 different classes, orders, and genera bear to one another. . 



I have taken as a model the " British Conchology " of 

 Dr. Grwyn Jeffreys our highest authority on the subject. 

 I am also indebted to Forbes and Hanley's work, Mr. 

 Eimmer's excellent book, to Mr. T. Rogers of Manchester, 

 and to several others for many useful facts and hints. 



With the exception of the Pupoe and Vertigos, which I 

 have myself enlarged from actual specimens, the plates 



