70 HELICID^E. 



Var. III. svbmaritima. Smaller, darker, spire 

 more raised. 



Var. IV. carinata. Yellowish white, depressed, 

 keeled. 



Var. V. leucozona. Darkly banded, with a clear 

 white band round the centre of the shell. 



17. H. CAPERATA (wrinkled). 



Sub-conical, compressed, solid, opaque, dnll, dirty white, 

 streaked and banded by variable lines which are sometimes 

 merely a row of spots ; obtusely carinated ; whorls six ; 

 mouth nearly round, furnished with a white internal rib ; 

 umbilicus open and shallow. . 



Found under stones and on the stalks of grass on 

 sandy soils, especially near the sea coast, where it is 

 as abundant as the last species, and frequently found 

 with it. 



It is a particularly hardy animal, and will often be 

 found feeding in winter when other snails are torpid. 

 It has as great a power of enduring heat as cold, and 

 I have observed it not only in many parts of southern 

 Europe, but even on the desert in the neighbourhood 

 of Bagdad. 



It is, perhaps, apt to be confounded with the young 

 of H. virgata, which is also carinated; but a very little 

 experience will enable the collector to determine its 



