68 AIDS TO BACTERIOLOGY 



TR possesses immunising power with but little reaction. 

 The fluid TR is made to contain 2 milligrammes of solid 

 matter in the cubic centimetre. This is diluted with 

 sterile salt solution to the required strength. If reaction 

 occurs, this must be further diminished. Injections 

 are made every other day with slightly increasing doses, 

 so that there is never a rise of temperature of over 1 F. 



Koch's Bazillenemulsion is a suspension of pulverised 

 bacilli in equal parts of water and glycerin. 



The reaction of a tuberculous individual to tuberculin 

 is due to anaphylaxis. It differs from most anaphylactic 

 reactions as it is accompanied by rise and not fall of 

 temperature. A dose of tuberculin, however, does not 

 sensitise the animal to a second injection, this preparation 

 stage taking place in the tuberculous tissues. 



The sera of animals immunised in various ways have 

 been employed in treatment, but only with occasional 

 success. 



Notification. Tuberculosis in man is compulsorily 

 notifiable throughout England and Wales. Tuberculosis 

 with emaciation in any bovine animal and tuberculosis 

 of the udder in cows are notifiable under the Tuberculosis 

 Order of 1913. 



Segregation (Newsholme's Law). International statis- 

 tics show reason for believing that the reduced mortality 

 from tuberculosis is largely due to the increasing extent 

 to which advanced cases are treated in general institu- 

 tions, and thus segregated from their families, instead of 

 receiving outdoor relief and thus infecting them. 



The term ' pseudo-tuberculosis ' has been applied to a 

 number of conditions the common feature of which is the 

 presence of tubercle-like nodules in the tissues. Such 

 may be caused by pathogenic streptotrichece, yeasts and 

 moulds, parasitic worms, etc. See also B. pseudo-tuber- 

 culosis (p. 125), and Johne's bacillus (p. 70). 



Laboratory Diagnosis. Sputum. The Ziehl-Neelsen 

 method is used (p. 58). Although tubercle bacilli are 

 resistant to putrefactive changes, a little 5 per cent, 

 phenol should be added when the examination is delayed. 

 Where it is advisable to concentrate the specimen's 

 content of tubercle bacilli, one part of ' antiformin ' (a 

 mixture of equal parts of Liquor sodee chlorinates [B.P.] 

 and 15 per cent, caustic soda solution) may be added to 



