18 THE AIM AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD. 



for a musician to have an " imageless apprehension " even of 

 a long piej^e in the process of composition, before the separate 

 notes or chords have been presented at all.* There is little 

 need to dwell upon the psychological aspects of this process, 

 which have been treated in detail by Professor Stout.f It 

 is necessary only to point ,out that by the admission of the 

 possible Objectivity of a whole as a distinct entity subsisting 

 as well as its parts and their relations, the Objectivity which 

 common sense finds in fyg Thing, apart from individual 

 qualities, can be conceded by the ^ philosopher. The Thing 

 " has " its qualities just as a melody has its notes. ' 



This attempt to justify common sense, Jike the former one, 

 is confronted by difficulties which cannot be overcome without 

 taking the " plain man " through philosophic by-ways where 

 he may feel that he has lost touch with the "distinctions that 

 are plain and few " among which he moved at the beginning 

 of his journey. Not only may a vast number of objects of 

 sensational processes have to be thought of as belonging to the 

 Thing although they lie outside the space within which its 

 "primary qualities" manifest themselves^ (the space which 

 we call " the thing itself ") ; not only must the network of 

 real relations which individualises the Thing present points 

 of attachment for all the various Objekte which characterise 

 different " states " of the Thing ; there is the greater theoretical 

 difficulty of deciding, since no part of the presented world 

 ^appears to be independent of any other part, what precise 

 relational network so isolates a group of presentations as to 

 constitute them into a Thing.|| It must suffice here to 



* The description given by Mozart (quoted by James, Pr. of Psych., \, 

 p. 255) is well known : " I can see the whole of it at a single glance in my 

 mind." 

 ' t Stout, Analytic Psychology, i, pp. 95-6. 



} P. 15, supra.^r 



Lotze, Metaphysics, i, p. 77. 



j| Of. Bradley, Appearance and Reality, p. 71. 



