OTTR METHODS IN GENERAL. 7 



circumstanced for the teaching of Nature Study, problems 

 of organisation and discipline will to some extent restrict 

 or modify the development of the outdoor studies. The 

 following suggestions are framed with these difficulties 

 in view. 



ORGANISATION OF OUTDOOR WORK. 



In the first place a great deal can and ought to be done 

 in the way of encouraging the pupils to observe and report 

 outdoor occurrences. In the school situated in the country 

 such work is particularly easy and proves of very great 

 interest and value. In town, on the other hand, this part 

 of the work is bound to be restricted in its scope. At 

 the same time many of the things suggested which seem 

 to be suited only for the country school can be observed 

 in the public parks of our cities. The children should be 

 encouraged to go to these parks, to use their eyes when 

 there, and to take walks into the country. And, after all, 

 it is not making a great demand upon the teacher to 

 expect him or her to have something of personal observa- 

 tion to report to the scholars week by week of the happen- 

 ings in the world of nature, which will act as a stimulus 

 to the pupils to do likewise. 



Calendars of outdoor observations. 



(o>) Pictorial Calendars. Calendars for recording the 

 observations out of doors should be kept. The number 

 and type of these will depend upon the age, capacity, and 

 opportunities of the scholars. For the youngest scholars 

 the calendar should appeal largely to the eye and should 

 therefore be framed upon pictorial lines. An example 

 of this type of calendar is given in the frontispiece. The 

 illustrations for such a calendar should 'be decided upon 

 by the teacher and scholars jointly and the aim should be 

 to have in it, when complete, a kind of conspectus of the 

 succession of appearances and events typical of the various 

 seasons of the year which have come under the notice of 

 the pupils. 



