86 



FROGS AND TOADS. 



Toads and frogs hibernate in the mud of ponds and 

 ditches, waking in the spring, after which they spawn. 

 They then leave the waters. The male frogs croak noisily, 

 the sound emitted by the toads is more plaintive. 



EXERCISE. 



Contrast a newfc, both young and adult, with frog or 

 toad. 



Make a detailed study of a newt on the lines suggested 

 above for the toad. 



How TO STUDY THE FROG'S LIFE-HISTORY. 



For this study the following points should be attended 

 to: 



Spawn should be collected in the early spring, as soon as 

 it appears. If frogs are collected before spawning, there 

 is a possibility that, though spawn is got subsequently, it 

 may not develop. 



Fig. 16. Spawn of Frog, newly shed, and a short 

 time afterwards. 



Fig. 17. Spawn of Toad, 

 newly shed, and a short 

 time afterwards. 



Keep in a moderately warm place in a good light. 

 Place some healthy water weed in the same vessel as the 

 spawn. Call pupils' attention to all changes observed. 



