296 THE SCHOOL GARDEff. 



single line of hairs running along the stem ; small white 

 starlike flowers, sepals 5, petals 5 deeply cleft, stamens 

 5-10. Leaves opposite. Stem procumbent. Order: Caryo- 

 phyllaceae. 



Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris). Common in neglected 

 gardens and waste ground. Flowers throughout the most 

 of the year, and each plant continues flowering over several 

 months. Seeds distributed by the wind. Small yellow 

 flowers in short cylindrical heads. Stem furrowed, leaves 

 long, sessile, and irregularly lobed (pinnatifid). Order: 

 Compositae. 



Daisy (Bellis perennis). Flowers through most of the 

 year. Has a perennial underground stem with runners by 

 means of which it spreads effectively as well as by means 

 of seeds. The " rosette " arrangement of radicle leaves is 

 an adaptation securing both light and room for the plant. 

 Order: Compositae. 



Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). This is another plant 

 which flowers early (March) and persists through the 

 greater part of the year. A perennial with storing tap- 

 root giving rise to fresh shoots each year, and which buds 

 new shoots when cut. Seeds distributed by the wind. 

 Leaves generally a radicle rosette. Order : Compositae. 



Docks (Eumex acetosa, R. acetosella, E. crispus, etc.). 

 The docks are mostly perennials with strong storing roots, 

 which like that of the dandelion give rise to buds when cut. 

 Cutting the roots is therefore ot no avail in attempts at 

 eradication. Fruits 3-sided. Order: Polygonaceae. 



Thistles. Of these there are several occurring on culti- 

 vated land, e.g. the Spear Thistle (Cnicus lanceolatus) and 

 the Creeping Thistle (C. arvensis). 



The former plant is a biennial producing a rosette of 

 radicle leaves the first year. In the second year a tall, 

 stout, erect winged stem from 2 to 4 feet high is produced. 

 Leaves pinnatifid, sessile, spiny. Flowers purple with 



