Treatment. 33 



rough bone on tlie internal wall of the sinus or a corresponding 

 passively movable molar. Tumors are palpable and frequently 

 protrude through the wound. One of the authors' ease, how- 

 ever proved that a diagnosis by the aid of trephining of a non- 

 glanderous catarrh of the sinus could not remove the suspicion 

 of simultaneously existing nasal glanders. Mucoid degeneration 

 of the bones of the face is distinguished from catarrh of the 

 sinus by a relatively rapid occurrence of respiratory difficulties, 

 marked deformity and softening of the superior maxilla; 

 rachitis and osteomalacia by the fact that the changes are seen 

 on both sides of the face and are not confined to the region 

 of the antrum of Highmore. 



Treatment. If catarrh of the antrum of Highmore has 

 developed in connection with rhinitis, expectative procedures 

 appear indicated for one to two weeks, since such cases fre- 

 quently recover spontaneously. Otherwise trephining of the 

 affected cavity followed by evacuation of the accumulated 

 secretion and local treatment of the inflamed mucosa by ener- 

 getic and repeated irrigation leads to recovery. Bad teeth 

 must be removed. A number of disinfectant and astringent 

 solutions may be used for irrigating the cavity; for instance, 

 a 2 to 3 per cent solution of creolin or carbolic acid ; 1 :1000 

 corrosive sublimate, 1 per cent solution of alum, tannic acid 

 and sulphate of iron; 0.1 per cent solution of silver nitrate. 

 The irrigations have to be continued until the opening of the 

 antrum is free and until no more pathologic secretion is pro- 

 duced. Appropriate treatment as indicated in simple catarrh 

 always leads to complete recovery. 



Literature. Hobday, V. J., 1905, 137. — Tmminger, Verb, dentseh. Natnrf., n. 

 Aerzte, 1906.— Lange, b! & W., 1906, 19.3.— Morkebers:, Maanedsskr., 1907, XIX, 

 92.— Miiller, Monh., 1907, XVIII, 481.— Eies, Eec, 1899, 350.— Williams, Amer. 

 V. E., 1906, 185. 



Myxoid Degeneration of the Turbinated Bones and of the Fa- 

 cial Bones in the Horse. Foals sometimes develop a pecuhar morbid 

 process which leads to a myxoid degeneration of the turbinated and 

 neighboring bones. The affection was first observed by Sand ; similar 

 cases have since been described by Deupser, Hiitzen, Nielsen, Frohner 

 and Johne. 



The cause of the pathologic process is unknown. The disease has 

 been observed only in foals and is characterized by a comparatively 

 rapid development. 



The first symptom is a nasal discharge which is mucopurulent 

 or purulent, and which becomes more intense after a variable period 

 of time. Simultaneously or somewhat later, especially during exercise, 

 there is difficulty in respiration accompanied by a snoring sound, and 

 these symptoms increase in intensity and become continuous. One 

 observes also early a unilateral protrusion of the facial bones, especially 

 of the superior maxilla; the swelling progresses rapidly and involves 

 either the frontal or the masseter region. The swelling which is at 



Vol. 2-3. 



