46 Croupous Laryugitis. 



ends, as a rule, in reeovery. A fatal teriuination may occur in cases 

 complicated with ])roneho-i)neumonia. 



lu influeuza-like altcctions of cattle one also observes the symptoms of gastric 

 catarrh, arthritis ami mastitis, to which may l»e added, in some cases, the signs of 

 inflanunation of the deeper structures of the eyes and a marked depression and 

 lassitude on motion. Even in these cases, however, tlie course is usually benign. 



Treatment is only indicated in those cases in which complications 

 occur. 



Literature. Brauer, S. B., 1893, 117.— Janson, S. f. Tk., 1S94, XX, 27.1.— 

 Jb. bayr. Tzte., 1890. — Lewek, B. z. Kenntn. d. Erkr. d. Luftw. u. d. Lung. d. 

 Eind. Diss. Dresden., 1909.— Markus, B. t. W., 1906, 655.— Pr. \'b., 1900, il, 9.— 

 Prietsch, S. B., 1895, 96.— Schmidt, S. B., 1903.— Zimmermann, B. t. W., 1904, 167. 



Japp Disease of Lambs. Under this name Hasenkamp (D. t. W., 1909, 300) 

 described a disease of lambs observed frequently in the i)rovinces of Hanover and 

 Westphalia in Germany. This disease only occurs while the animals are stabled 

 and is characterized by an intense reddening and swelling of the mucosa of the 

 larynx and trachea ; by albumoid degeneration of the muscles of the larynx and 

 by congestion of the lungs. Bacteriologic examination of the internal organs 

 of animals dead from the disease has been negative. The affection has generally 

 been looked on as mercurial poisoning after treatment of sheep-scab with a mixture 

 of therosot. This view, however, is contested by Hasenkamp. 



2. Croupous Laryngitis. Laryngitis crouposa. 



{Hautir/e Brciune, Hahhrdune [German] ; Laryngitis fibrinosa, 

 angina memhranacea, croup.) 



Croupous laryngitis is characterized anatomically by 

 fibrinous membranous deposits on the laryngeal mucosa and 

 is frequently associated with a similar affection of the trachea, 

 occasionally also of the pharynx. 



Occurrence. Croupous laryngitis is generally a rare dis- 

 ease. It is most commonly seen, if met with at all, among 

 cattle and sheep; more rarely among horses, pigs and cats. 

 It occurs occasionally in enzootic distribution. Guittard once 

 saw an enzootic of croupous laryngitis among geese. 



Etiology. Croupous laryngitis is primarily caused by the 

 inhalation of hot air, smoke and other irritating substances 

 (ammonia, chlorine gas, sulphurous acid, etc.). Cases which 

 are occasionally observed after conflagrations or after disin- 

 fection of stables with irritating vapors are of sucli origin. 



According to Eoehe-Lubin, the disease is also caused in some places by the 

 practice of chasing sheep around for twenty-four hours in dusty places in order 

 to increase the weight of the wool. 



Aside from affections of the above nature, there is seen 

 in cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, cats and young geese, a croupous 



