Diagnosis. Prognosis. Treatment. 



49 



comes usually in consequence of increasing laryngeal stenosis 

 or m consequence of tlie lodg-nient of detached portions of 

 pseuapmembraues; in tlie cleft between the voQ9l,.<2ords A 

 miwr^l^y.Wityis^.the affected animals recover. ^ij^^^lnifur-joB an 



Diagnosis. Croup of the larynx can only be diagnosticated 

 dehnitely when the anmials cough up shreds of pseudomem- 

 branes or void them during an attack of vomiting, or if the 

 membranes can be seen directly in the larynx of the smaller 

 anmials. The laryngeal stenosis, however, which develops 

 rapidly withm one to two days with fever and in connection 

 with a, peculiar hoarse cough, usually furnish enough data to 

 arrive at a correct diagnosis. In consequence of simple catarrh 

 such marked stenosis does not develop while after the lodg- 

 ment of foreign bodies or in acute edema of the glottis a high 

 degree of stenosis is manifest within a few quarters of an 

 hour. In stenosis due to neoplasm, there are no symptoms of. 

 an acute affection. . , 



r 



Prognosis. In small or younger animals the prognosis is 

 very unfavorable, and recovery is the exception even in large 

 and adult animals. In making a prognosis the general con- 

 ditions of the animals should be considered; weak and other-' 

 wise diseased animals will hardly ever get over an attack. The 

 expulsion of abundant masses of fibrin is a favorable symptom. 

 The involvement of theau^ngs eJtcludes recoverv absolutelv 



Treatment. The expulsion of the croupous membranes 

 may be hastened in smaller animals by the use of emetics 

 (sulphate of copper 0.05-0.5 gm., ipecacuanha 0.5-2.0 gm., tartar 

 emetic, 0.1-0.3 gm.) ; if difficulties in deglutition exist these drugs 

 are applied in the form of clysmata, or apomorphia mav i)e 

 given hypodermically (dogs 0.003-0.01 gm., cat 0.002-0.005 gin.) 

 in aqueous solution. Hogs receive veratrine (0.02-0.03 gm. di^) 

 luted in alcohol), likewise hypodermically. Vomiting must par- 

 ticularly be lirought about in the presence of a sudden attack of, 

 suffocation, which is generally due to the lodgment of frag-' 

 ments of pseudomembranes in the rima glottidis. Detachment 

 of the membranes is also favored by repeated inhalations, 

 ev^ry one to two hours, of finely divided alkalies; lime water 

 IS. ^principally used. If suffocation threatens tracheotomy must 

 b^,. performed. This operation may save the life of the animaji. 

 whenever the inflammatory process is confined to the larvnx'. 

 or to the larynx and trachea, while the lungs are not affected. 

 Qiie may also try inunctions with mercurial ointment in !he 

 regioji of the larynx, moist : warm or warm fomentations, ex- 

 citantia (alcohol, wine.),, ^i)d the. I?atients , mi^st sometimes be 

 nourishe4,a,rtifiQiafly,, ,,5.;;:,. ,,'■;, ,,/' ■ : ,i'iii h, 



Literatii:e.''lnacW/kochs^iizyki;;'n, 262.— Guitard,''f>r.^vet'.l' 1902, II, 222.' ' 



Vol. 2-4. 



