Symptoms. 5 



One of the most common complications is acute conjmic- 

 tivitis, manifesting itself by redness and swelling of the con- 

 jmictivae, photophobia, and increased lacrimation. Some pa- 

 tients show difficulty in deglutition, also acute laryngitis, as a 

 complication. The submaxillary lymph glands are sometimes 

 slightly swollen and somewhat tender. The swelling soon dis- 

 appears with the cessation of the nasal discharge. 



The course of the disease is usually favorable. After the 

 secretion has become purulent, the irritation of the mucosa 

 ceases, the discharge rapidly diminishes, and recovery is com- 

 plete within one or one and a half weeks. 



Chronic nasal catarrh sometimes begins with the symptoms 

 of acute nasal catarrh, which — with remissions — may exist for a 

 long time. In other cases, the affection develops with chronic 

 characteristics from the start. 



The nasal discharge, which always exists, varies in its com- 

 position from case to case and even from time to time in tlie 

 same animal. It is sometimes more mucoid, tenacious and 

 glassy, sometimes more purulent; it may even be bloody or 

 ichorous and fetid (ozena). It is usually not abundant, disap- 

 pears from time to time entirely, to become again suddenly pro- 

 fuse, and is discharged especially after exercise, sometimes also 

 during lowering of the head (rhinorrhoea, blenorrhoea nasalis). 

 The secretion partly dries at the margins of the nares, it partly 

 runs over the upper lip and leads to the formation of unpig- 

 mented streaks in consequence of maceration of the skin. 



The mucosa appears bluish or brownish-red, or sometimes 

 grayish-red, evenly swollen or uneven (rhinitis prolifera). 

 Cicatrices of variable type may also be formed. 



Catarrhal ulcerations as described above occur more fre- 

 quently and in larger numliers than in acute catarrh. The 

 swelling of the mucosa may cause stenosis of the nasal cavities 

 and may bring about difficulty in respiration with snorting and 

 sniffling. Narrowing of the nasal cavities occasionally is 

 brought about by masses of exudate which accumulate between 

 the turbinated bones (rhinitis concharum). In such cases thin- 

 ning and deviation of the nasal septum may occur. The accu- 

 nmlation of masses of secretion and the asthmatic attacks 

 caused by them are seen most frequently in dogs with short 

 noses, and especially during or after exercise. The attacks 

 manifest themselves by snoring inspirations (Hebrant and Her- 

 mans). 



In horses we occasionally see nodular or smooth, rarely ulcerated, 

 somewhat mottled, translucent elevations in the lower third of the nose, 

 which occur in consequence of cellular proliferation and infiltration of 

 all the layers of the mucosa as well as of the vessels and of the glands 

 (hyperplasia mucosae narium). These formations pai'tially give the 

 reaction of amyloid material. They do not extend into the neighboring 



