76 Lungworm Disease. 



those observed in sheep. A febrile temperature exists only ex- 

 ceptionally (Seheibel). 



After an intense invasion the symptoms may increase in 

 severity so rapidly that tlie anhnals snccmnb within three to 

 eight days. The clinical picture, however, develops slowly, as a 

 rule; tlie cough l)ecomes gradually weaker, the respiration 

 more and more accelerated, the ingestion of food less. Emacia- 

 tion, anemia and edematous swelHngs make their ai)pearance. 



In hogs, lungworm disease occasionally does not lead to 

 disturbances of health. However, Str. paradoxus sometimes 

 causes great losses, probably after an intense invasion, and the 

 epizootic disease then takes a course similar to that in sheep 

 (Sequenz, Czokor). In otlier cases the alfected animals show 

 only disturbances of nutrition. 



In horses Hud asses the disease occurs exceptionally and only leads 

 to a clinical picture, siniilar to that seen in verminous l)ronchitis of 

 calves. Fatal cases have been observed repeatedly in asses (►Stewart). 



Repeated attacks of respiratory difficulties are observed in dogs 

 infected with Str. vasorum ; these distur])ances may disappear within 

 a number of days or they may lead to the death of the animal. Ascites 

 is developed in some cases. The disease occurs rarely, and generally 

 only sporadically ; however, an enzootic prevalence with numerous fatal 

 cases has likewise been observed. Rabe observed obstinate cough and 

 marked dyspnea in the presence of Str. canis bronchialis in the trachea 

 and bronchi; Osier's Montreal cases occurred almost exclusively in 

 young dogs and were characterized by fever, lack of appetite, weak- 

 ness, paralysis of the hind extremities, convulsions, dry, short cough 

 and vomiting. Railliet believes, however, that the bronchopneumonia 

 found in these cases on post-mortem examination was due to distemper. 



Spiroptera sanguinolenta, which occasionally may get into the 

 respiratory passages, also produces chronic catarrh. 



Lungworm disease of cats produced by the ova and embryos of 

 Str. pusilhis leads to frcfiuent cough, often accompanied by vomiting, 

 emaciation, diarrhea, cachexia and a fatal issue after two to three 

 months. Catarrhal pneumonia may occasionally be produced by the 

 embryos of Ollulanus tricuspis. Midler & Neumann found Trichosoma 

 aerophilum in the presence of catarrhal changes in the lungs of cats. 



Lungworm disease is very rare in rabbits and in these animals 

 leads to the same symptoms as in wild hares, where it frequently 

 prevails to an epizootic extent, viz., accelerated and difficult respiration 

 with frequent and dry cough and gradually increasing emaciation. 

 The disease often ends fatally. 



Course. The course varies very much, according to tiie in- 

 tensity of the invasion and the individual species of aninuds. 

 Tlie hmgworms may frequently live in large numbers in hogs, 

 but also not unconnnonly in other animals, without disturbing 

 the condition of health of the infected aiumals. Sheep and 

 goats generally are atfected most seriously after a more in- 

 tense invasion, while the symptoms are milder in cattle and par- 

 ticnhn-ly in hogs. Among infected cattle, only weak calves 



