78 Limcworm Disease. 



and other forms of i)neiimoiiia is only possible upon the detec- 

 tion of the worms and tlieir broods. The disease is distin- 

 guished from pleiiropneumonia l)y its iisnally afeljrile course, 

 by the absence of extensive areas of dulhiess and of pleurisy; 

 further by the fact that cough remains for a longer time strong 

 and convulsive. In young animals affected with pulmonary 

 tul)erculosis, the cough soon becomes weak. In CEstrus disease 

 s^-mptoms of involvement of the lungs are absent. 



Prognosis. This depends upon the severity of the symp- 

 toms, also upon the age, nutrition and species of the affected 

 animal. Everything else being equal, the prognosis is most 

 unfavorable in the case of sheep and goats, most favorable in 

 lungworm disease of hogs. Fatal cases are always more nu- 

 merous among young than among adult animals. Sometimes, 

 however, there may be no difference in this respect (especially 

 in infection with Str. capillaris or Str. commutatus). In lung- 

 worm disease of sheep the mortality varies from 10% to 70%. 



Treatment. The most serviceable method of removing the 

 parasites consists in intratracheal injections of antiparasitic 

 drugs or in treatment with a spray apparatus also supplied 

 witii antiparasitic drugs. Favorable results have been ob- 

 tained with these means in some cases. Some authors, how- 

 ever (Dieckerhoff, Tapken), deny that good results can be ob- 

 tained with these methods. Oil of turpentine is adapted for 

 intratracheal application, also tar preparations alone or in com- 

 bination with the former. The following mixture may be used : 

 olei therelient. rectif., ol. olivar. (ol. lini, ol. rapae) aa 100.0, creo- 

 lin purissimi 10.0. Of this mixture sheep receive an injection 

 of 5.0 cc. ; calves 15 to 20 cc. ; the injection is repeated twice. 

 Vaeth uses the f ollo^^dng mixture with good results : 01. caryo- 

 phyll., ol. therebenthin., aa 100, acid, carb., ol. cadini aa 2.0 

 (calves 10.0 gm.). Wessel and Vaeth obtained favorable results 

 in cattle, Kronig in lambs with injections of 20.0 or 50.0 of a 

 1% solution of carbolic acid; Bergeon in calves with creosote 

 (creosote 20 parts, oleum amygdal. 100 parts, of this mixture 

 5.0; after four days, 20.0 for several days). Scheil)el likewise 

 cured cattle with creosote (creosote 1 part, spiritus rectif. and 

 water aa 50.0). Nielsen used intratracheal injections of 0.1% 

 solution of potassium picronitricum with good results in calves 

 (according to the age of the animals from 20-60 in one dose). 



Seheibe) uses in the treatment of cattle in place of an injection syringe, a 

 spraying apparatus -which consists of an elliptically bent tracheal tube 0.4 cm. wide, 

 with a shield and two eyes, so that the apparatus may be fastened with strings 

 to the neck. The tube is armed with a trochar, so that it can be pushed into 

 the trachea of the animal. The trochar is withdrawn and a dichotomously divided 

 canula is then inserted into the tube. Creosote solution is then sprayed through 

 the canula into the trachea and bronchi, just as is done when a Frick spray apparatus 

 is used. The vessel containing the solution must be held lower than the canula, 

 otherwise the fluid would simply run in without being finely divided. (Zwaenopoel 



