Syuiptuius. 107 



The connective tissue septa of the lungs are occasionally 

 infiltrated, changed into gelatinous strips, several millimeters 

 wide and dividing the cut surface into islands. Such strips 

 are uniformly yellow and moist shining and are seen particularly 

 in the lungs of cattle and hogs. The bronchi usually contain 

 an abundance of a mucopurulent secretion; their mucosa is in 

 a condition of catarrhal infiannnation and croupous membranes 

 are occasionally found in the smallest bronchioles. 



Abscesses or necrotic foci are found in the hepatized por- 

 tions or in those undergoing resolution in a portion of the fatal 

 cases. The visceral pleura over the affected pulmonary portions 

 is almost always lusterless, cloudy or rough, and occasionally 

 infiltrated with small hemorrhages. Not unconnnonly a fibri- 

 nous or serofibrinous pleurisy is found. The bronchial glands 

 usually show acute swelling. 



The post-mortem examination also shows secondary 

 changes, such as cloudy swelling and sometimes fatty degenera- 

 tion of the parenchymatous organs, especially of the myo- 

 cardium. 



Symptoms. Except in very rare cases the disease begins 

 with the symptoms of a febrile condition with sudden onset. 

 The appetite, and in ruminants also rumination are diminished ; 

 the former, however, is only rarely suppressed entirely. The 

 patients stand listlessly and with drooping heads in front of 

 the crib, smaller animals like to hide themselves and lie con- 

 tinually on the floor. Frequently one even o))serves at this 

 stage cough and an accelerated respiration. The .temperature 

 rises to 40-41° C. and above within half a day and in some 

 patients chills and muscular tremors occur. In older and 

 debilitated animals the temperature does not show a considera- 

 ble rise, but the other general symptoms reach an intense degree. 

 If, for some reason or other", the animal already had fever, 

 the onset of pneumonia is indicated by a sudden aggravation 

 of the general condition and possibly by an additional rise in 

 temperature. 



After the fever has lasted from one-half to tw^o,_ excep- 

 tionally also from 3 to 4 days, changes in the percussion and 

 respiratory sounds become manifest, which can now be watched 

 in modifications characteristic for the disease. 



Percussion gives at first a somewhat dull sound, which 

 assumes a tympanitic timbre usually on the second or third 

 day, rarely earlier, and soon becomes purely tympanitic or 

 it may also become gradually less intense. The change in 

 sound usually shows "itself at first in the region behind the 

 elbow and spreads from there backward and upward to an 

 extent which varies from case to case. As the alveoli become 

 more and more consolidated, the tympanitic sound gradually 

 changes into a dull tjnnpanitic and later on into a very weak, 

 dull sound. The area of dullness varies as to size and boundary 



