no 



rroupoiis T*iieuiii()iiia. 



A strong, double blowing in tlic nciyiibuihood oi' the heart, heard synchronously 

 with the heart contractions, is claimed by Cadeac to be a valuable ]irodronial 

 symptom of pneumonia. The authors have, however, not been aV)le to confirm this 

 observation. 



The statement of Trautmaun that bronchial breathing during he]>atization, 

 and rales during resolution, are rare, is contradicted by general experience and can 

 only be explained on the basis of the fact that there are some ei)izootics in which 

 tlio smaller bronchi are not involveil and l)ronchial breathing is not noted. 



The manner in which pneumonic processes develop makes it obvious that 

 methodical examinations are necessary to ascertain the various modifications of the 

 respiratory sounds. 



Crepitant and other rales appear and disappear in the 

 areas of dnHness with the gradnal liquefaction of the exudate 

 which is always intensified in the neighborhood of the con- 

 solidated areas. 



A rnsty or saffron-colored nasal discharge is seen only 

 in a minority of cases ; it then comes on almost always before 



Fig. 13. Fever curve in croupous pneumonia of a horse. Crisis. Considerable increase 

 in tiie ]nilse and acceleration in respiration occurred with the approach of the 

 stage of resolution. 



the beginning of hepatization and persists either only one or 

 two days or until resolution occurs. A saffron-colored nasal 

 discharge coming on later usually points to the development 

 of new infiltrations. It is, however, a very valuable symptom, 

 since it is frequently the only symptom in central pneumonia 

 wiiich may afford information concerning the cause of the fever 

 and the nature of the disease. 



The respiration shows a normal costo-abdominal type; it 

 is, however, more or less forced and accelerated, according 

 to the extent of the consolidation; the acceleration is least 



