Symptoms. 



129 



short, dull, frequently painful, and consequently the j^atients 

 try to suppress it. One usually observes also an abundant nasal 

 discharge. 



Percussion produces pain and frequently excites cough. 

 Careful, attentive percussion reveals dull or very low sounds 

 in circumscribed places of the thorax. These changes are usu- 

 ally found above and along the lower pulmonary border, only 

 exceptionally in the middle or upper third of the thorax. The 

 percussion sound may have a t>mipanitic timbre at the boundary 

 of the area of dullness or in other 

 places. Small animals sometimes 

 present the cracked pot sounds. 



Auscultation reveals a vari- 

 ety of catarrhal sounds, sometimes 

 in circumscribed places, as a rule, 

 below, at times over, the whole of 

 the thorax. Sounding (metallic) 

 rales have a special significance if 

 they are present. In exceptional 

 cases, if the lungs have become 

 consolidated to a larger extent, 

 while the lumina of the larger 

 bronchi have remained open, one 

 hears bronchial breathing in the 

 area of dullness; as a rule, how- 

 ever, the breathing sounds are 

 more or less weakened, because 

 the bronchi are stretched by the 

 catarrhal secretion. 



The pulse is accelerated, at 

 first quite strong; later on it be- 

 comes weakened. 



The general condition suffers 

 materially in most animals, both 

 on account of the fever, and on 

 account of the respiratory difficul- 

 ties and the tormenting attacks of 

 cough. Small animals usually rest 

 on the sternum. The appetite is 

 diminished or entirely suppressed ; 

 sucking animals do not go to the 

 mother. 



Fig. 18. Fever Curve in catarrhal 

 pneumonia of the dog with terminal 

 collapse temperature. 



Infectious bronchopneumonia of cattle follows, as stated, after infec- 

 tious catarrh of the upper respiratory passages (see page 45) (accord- 

 ing to Schmidt, in 50% of the cases). Three to four days elapse, ac- 

 cording to Lewek, before catarrhal pneumonia develops; catarrh of the 

 upper respiratory passages may, however, assume a slow, insidious course 

 and may bring about pneumonia at any time (Reisinger). If this is 

 the case the fever comes on suddenly, and dullness and bronchial breath- 

 ing can soon be demonstrated over the anterior and lower portions of 



