Pneumonia of Birds. Atelectasis of the Lungs. 131 



tion, and the liigher the fever, the slighter are the chances for 

 complete recovery. The course is particularly unfavorable if 

 the catarrhal pulmonary infection comes on during an acute in- 

 fectious disease. Robert observed a mortality of 30% in epi- 

 zootic bronchopneumonia of dogs ; Deich, 50% ; Schmidt re- 

 ported 30% mortality in contagious pneumonia of market 

 cattle. 



Treatment. The hygienic environment and diet should be 

 regulated according to the same principles as were laid down for 

 croupous pneumonia (see page 120). Sucklings suffering from 

 lack of appetite must be fed with freshly drawn milk or with 

 boiled milk cooled down to body temperature ; two to four eggs 

 may be added ; eggs can also be given raw or mixed with w^arm 

 wine soups. 



To improve the bronchial catarrh inhalations may be prac- 

 ticed (see page 7 and page 42) ; inhalation of oxygen might 

 likewise be tried. Narcotics (see page 42) should be used only 

 in the presence of tormenting, convulsive cough, and even then 

 very cautiously. The regulation of the heart's action requires 

 special attention ; the principles are the same as those laid down 

 for croupous pneumonia (see page 122). Priessnitz' applica- 

 tions to the thorax may be useful. If a complicating pleuritis, 

 pericarditis or enteritis is present, they should be treated suit- 

 ably. 



Prophylaxis. If the disease is due to an infection, the ani- 

 mals which are still healthy should be removed to suitable 

 quarters, preferably to some distant place; they ought to re- 

 ceive a change of diet and water and disinfection should be 

 practiced repeatedly. Newdy bought cattle should be isolated 

 for one week (Lewek). 



Literature. Berger, Z. f. Infkr., 1907, III, 101, 356.— Berstl, T. Z., 1893, 

 49.— de Blieck & Berger, Vet. Jhb., 1906, 157.— Deieh, S. B., 1903, 82.— Dralle, 

 A. f. Tk., 1885, XI, 231.— Ducas^e, Vet. Jhb., 1906, 157.— Faller, Pr. Mt., 1870-71, 

 153.— Habieht, B. t. W., 1906, 504.— Holth Z. f. Infkr., 1907, III, 155.— Lewek, 

 Beitr. z. Kenntnis d. Erkraiik. d. Liiftwege u. d. Liingen d. Rindes, Diss. Dresden, 

 1909 (Lit.).— Martens, B. t. W., 1906, 655.— Eeisinger, Monh., 1908, XIX, 193 

 (Lit.).— Robert, S. B., 1894, 133.— Schmidt, S. B., 1903, 79.— Smith, Vet. Jhb., 

 1897, 95.— Siidmersen, Cbl. f. Bakt., 1905, XXXVIII, 343, 595. 



Pneumonia of Birds. This is rare with the exception of 

 pneumonomycosis. According to Ziirn (Gefliigelkrankheiten, 1885, 

 286), the symptoms are accelerated, short, whistling respiration through 

 the open bill, tenderness and elevated temperature of the thorax, cough 

 with the expectoration of tenacious, grayish-white, sometimes, or hem- 

 orrhagic saffron yellow masses, listlessness, lack of appetite. 



The treatment is similar to that for bronchial catarrh or for pneu- 

 monomycosis. 



Atelectasis of the Lungs. This occurs very frequently among 

 domestic animals. Simader, who studied this affection in the Leipzig 



