Diagnosis. 139 



ease ; at first it comes on during exercise ; later on also during 

 rest and it becomes more frequent and more tormenting. 

 Mucopurulent nasal discharge occurs in some cases. 



Percussion and auscultation of the chest reveal the same 

 changes as are usually found in bronchopneumonia (see page 

 129). In some cases there are found in addition the signs of 

 acute fibrinous or serous pleurisy or pericarditis. Exceptionally 

 the disease may present itself exclusively under the clinical 

 picture of acute pleurisy or pericarditis (Immelmann). 



The physical weakness increases rapidly during the course 

 of the disease; the animals become unable to stand up and 

 they succumb between the second, fourth, sixth day of the 

 disease; often profuse and fetid diarrhea has set in. If, as 

 occurs rarely, the animal remains alive the symptoms of the 

 chronic form of the disease are developed. 



The chronic form is seen in somewhat older animals or 

 in somewhat milder outbreaks; cough being the first obvious 

 sjanptom of this form of the disease. It is at first infrequent 

 and comes on only on rising or lying down or during exercise. 

 Later on it becomes more frequent and weaker. In the mean- 

 time, the respiration becomes more frequent and more or less 

 forced. Rales and whizzing sounds, also purring are heard 

 over the chest and in addition often the changes on percussion 

 and auscultation as in the acute form. Fever is often present; 

 but only of moderate degree. The general condition and the 

 appetite may remain undisturbed, particularly in hogs ; however, 

 the appetite is, as a rule, diminished and the sensorium more 

 or less depressed. 



Gradual emaciation becomes manifest in the further course. 

 In this manner a chronic marasmus is established, which may 

 terminate fatally in three to six weeks or only after one to 

 two months. In the milder cases the condition gradually im- 

 proves, the cough becomes less frequent, the nutrition better, 

 and all symptoms entirely disappear, often however, only after 

 several months. 



In some cases, apparently in those due primarily or secondarily to the bacillus 

 pyogenes, itching and scabby eczemata, appear on tlie neck along the back, on the root 

 of the tail, also swellings and abscesses in various parts of the body, which are, 

 according to Schimmelpfennig, of unfavorable prognostic significance. 



Diagnosis. The exclusive affection of young animals and 

 the enzootic occurrence of the disease are generally sufficient 

 to lead to a correct diagnosis, and there is frequently besides 

 the additional chance to make a post-mortem examination on 

 one of the earliest fatal cases. The exclusive affection of calves, 

 lambs or kids distinguishes the disease from pleuropneumonia 

 in cattle and from hemorrhagic septicemia of sheep and goats. 

 The same is true of the differential diagnosis between con- 

 tagious pneumonia of young pigs and t^q^ical swine plague 

 which is caused by bacillus suisepticus alone, while in hog 

 cholera the clinical and anatomic pictures are usually charac- 



