Prognosis. Treatment. Chronic Interstitial Pneumonia. 153 



ing to the organ affected in particular, and the grave symptoms 

 of affection of the kings are absent; one can sometimes ascer- 

 tain that only the air exhaled from one nostril has a putrid 

 smell. 



Prognosis. While a gangrenous process in a circumscribed 

 territory of the lung may, in rare cases, come to a standstill, be 

 encapsulated, and end in permanent recovery (if occurring at 

 all, most commonly in cattle and swine), the process is, as a rule, 

 progressive in character; sepsis develops and a fatal termina- 

 tion occurs. The prognosis is therefore, in general, unfavor- 

 able, and the more so when gangrene is established in a pre- 

 viously inflamed lung or as a complication in a grave general 

 infection. 



Treatment. One might try inhalations of finely atomized dis- 

 infectant solutions, or intratracheal injections, the latter after 

 a preliminary tracheotomy; it may exert a favorable influence 

 upon the upper respiratory passages and may diminish the fetid 

 smell (see page 61). A circumscribed gangrenous focus may 

 possiblv be removed bv pneumotomy (Pansini, 0. M., 1907, 

 289). 



Further therapeutic measures consist in strengthening and 

 nourishing the patient, in the regulation of the cardiac action, 

 combating hyperpyrexia, and ameliorating cough and diarrhea. 



As a matter of prophylaxis, cases where it is advisable to 

 guard against the development of gangrene, where the exhaled 

 air becomes fetid, should receive inhalation-sprays, or still bet- 

 ter, intratracheal injections of some disinfectant solution (see 

 page 61). One must always guard against aspiration in the 

 administration of medicine, and therefore one should entirely 

 avoid drenching if disturbances of deglutition exist. 



11. Chronic Interstitial Pneumonia. Pneumonia interstitialis 



chronica. 



{Pneumonia inchirativa, Sclerosis piilnwnnin, Cirrhosis pul- 



monum.) 



Etiology. Chronic interstitial pneumonia occurs very 

 rarely in horses and cattle as a primary disease. Among these 

 must" be mentioned particularly what has been described by 

 Dieckerhoff, and later by Bang, as lardaceous pneumonia in 

 older horses; it appears to develop after an infection. (Bang 

 expressly states that the disease has nothing to do with tuber- 

 culosis, but Rabe claims to have found tubercle bacilli in a case 

 of this kind.) A disease, in some respects quite similar to that 

 mentioned, has been described by Gruter, a pneumonia devel- 

 oped in connection with bronchitis scleroticans in horses. A 



