284 Other Inflammatory Diseases of the Fore-stomachs. 



intra-abdominal pressure may favor the penetration of the foreign 

 body into one of the neighboring organs, the procedure of Schoberl 

 appears to be not without danger in many cases, in spite of the fact 

 that Schoberl and also Estor claim to have had such good success. The 

 numerous reported recoveries admit of the proba])ility that the procedure 

 has also been employed in many cases which were not traumatic gastritis. 



Prophylaxis. The number of cases of gastric disturbances 

 due to foreign bodies may be considerably diminished by proper 

 instruction of owners and attendants of animals. Harms 

 recommends the construction of a sink-hole at the end of the 

 crib for the reception of foreign bodies. Bust recommends for 

 neighborhoods wdiere hay frequently contains iron foreign 

 bodies that the chaif cutter should be supplied with a magnet 

 which removes iron particles. The sw^allowdng of hair and wool 

 may be prevented by curing the habit of greedy licking or 

 the itching skin affections, by constant supervision of the ani- 

 mals, and by separating the lambs from the ewes. 



Literature. Ade, M. t. W., 1909, 61.— Bergmaun, Mag., 1863, 404.— Braiier, 

 S. B., 1886, 108.— Eber, S. B., 1896, 28, 30; Z. f. Tm., 1906, X, 321.— Estor, D. t. W., 

 1901, 313.— Glage, B. t. W., 1908, 32.— Guhrauer, Z. f. Yk., 1908, 67.— Holterbach, 

 B. t. W., 1906, 679; B. Mt., 1905, 45, 178.— Imminger, B. t. W., 1902, 649.— 

 Johne, S. B., 1878, 65.— Koppitz, T. Z., 1906, 537.— Krichels, Pr. Mt., 1877-78, 60.— 

 Maderer, W. f. Tk., 1905, 699.— Marcone, Eif. vet., 1901, 1.— Megnin, Eee., 1875, 

 1209.— Meyer, Mag., 1864, 257.— Moiissu, Eec, 1902, 727.— Miiller, O. Vj., 1878, 

 XLIX, 145.— Obieh, W. f. Tk., 1863, 1.— Potting, B. t. W., 1909, 461.— Prietsch, 

 S. B., 1901, 49.— Proger, ibid., 1886, 106; 1900, 43.— Eipke, Z. f. Vk., 1908, 68.— 

 Roder, S. B., 1893, 121.— Eiihm, M. t. W., 1909, 1.— Eiist, B. t. W., 1891, 467.— 

 Schell, Pr. Mt., 1871-72, 170.— Seherg, W. f. Tk., 1907, 586.— Schaiiber, B. t. W., 

 1891, 367.— Sallinger, W. f. Tk., 1907, 586.— Schmidt, Vortr. f. Tzte., 1878, I. H., 5.— 

 Schultz, Inang.-Diss., 1905.— Sequens, Vet., 1891, 388.— Sikert, Pr, Mt., 1876-77, 

 106.— Sporer, W. f. Tk., 1902, 333.— Uh-ich, Pr. Mt., 1864-65, 138.— Wilhehii, S. B., 

 1891, 95; 1893, 120.— Wucher, W. f. Tk., 1908, 27. 



Other Inflammatory Diseases of the Fore-stomachs. (Ruminitis 

 Reticulitis, Omasitis.) Aside from traumatic gastritis, primary in- 

 flammation of the fore-stonuichs is very rare as, for instance, after the 

 ingestion of hot li(|uids (distillers mash), irritating plants or caustic 

 drugs, also under the influence of an external traumatic injury acting 

 upon the fore-stomachs. Dieckerhoff saw in three head of cattle a 

 diphtheritic inflammation of the fore-stomachs and of the esophagus; 

 since the diphtheritic foci looked very similar to trichophyton infection 

 in cattle, the observer considered it possil)le that the affected animals 

 might have ingested the mould by licking animals affected with this 

 skin disease. In rare cases diphtheritic necrotic masses of roundish 

 outlines are found in the rumen, in the reticulum or the omasum, also 

 possibly in the abomasum, which have a diameter of 1 to 7 cm. After 

 the shedding of the dead parts, the individual leaves of the manyplies 

 have a fenestrated appearance or their margins become irregular in 

 outline. The crusts have been seen up to 2 cm. thick, dry, fissured and 

 dark gray ; they sometimes possess a central area of softening. Complete 

 healing may occur in these cases with the formation of radiating 

 cicatrices in the rumen and with permanent fenestration of the leaves 



