Symptoms. 289 



with drops of moisture. The conjunctivae are usually reddened 

 and frequently show an icteric discoloration. The pulse is ac- 

 celerated, small, in grave cases it cannot be felt at all. The 

 secretion of milk suddenly becomes decreased to one half 

 and becomes entirely suppressed in the further course. 



Eumination is sluggish, infrequent, irregular or entirely 

 absent. Disagreeable fetid gases smelling, according to some 

 observers, like onions are expelled by belching. The region of 

 the left flank appears either deeply depressed or somewhat more 

 tense, but without being bloated ; however, there is occasionally 

 some bloating of the rumen in the later course of the disease, 

 because somewhat more deeply penetrating catarrhs produce 

 atony of the fore-stomachs. The motions of the rumen are some- 

 what less frequent, less energetic, but they are normal as soon 

 as the rumen is full (Harms). Under the right costal arch, in 

 the region of the abomasum, there is tenderness on pressure. 

 Defecation occurs less frequently than under normal conditions ; 

 the feces are dry, dark in color, cylindrical, and they are alka- 

 line in reaction (Harms), sometimes covered with a crust and 

 containing coarse, undigested parts of feed. If extensive intes- 

 tinal catarrh follows upon catarrh of the abomasum, there exists 

 diarrhea. 



In sheep and goats the symptoms are similar to those in 

 cattle. The sick animals separate themselves from the herd and 

 stand with head low or lie down. 



In carnivora vomiting is one of the most important symp- 

 toms and it is absent only in very mild cases. After over- 

 loading their stomachs, these animals vomit the ingested feed 

 in large quantities mixed with saliva ; after this their condition 

 improves markedly, and they recover soon. In other cases vom- 

 iting only occurs directly after the ingestion of food and water, 

 rarely independently of it; in these cases the vomited matter 

 consists frequently of only tenacious, glairy slime, possibly 

 mixed with streaks of blood; if the vomiting occurs very fre- 

 quently bile is also present and the masses are tinged with 

 green. 



The tongue is coated and dry, the smell from the mouth 

 is occasionally repulsive, thirst is increased as a rule, the 

 region of the stomach under the left costal arch or behind 

 the ensiform cartilage is tender to pressure. Defecation is 

 retarded, at first dry, later on soft and fetid; on standing the 

 urine forms a deposit of urates (sedimentum lateritium). 



In hogs the disease takes a course similar to that in carniv- 

 ora; the unequal distribution of temperature over the body 

 may be recognized by the fact that the ears and extremities are 

 cool, the nose however being warm to the touch. The sick ani- 

 mals drop their tails straight down, burrow under their straw 

 and drink much water. 



In rabbits one observes, aside from the lack of appetite, 

 abnormal desires like licking and chewing of the walls, inges- 



Vol. 2-19 



