Symptoms. 



353 



there occurs a decrease of the droppings and there may be com- 

 plete constipation. However, tenesmus of the rectum is even 

 then often observed. 



In hemorrhagic gastro-enteritis of dogs loss ot substance is 

 seen frequently in the mucosa of the cheeks and on the gums, but 

 this is rarelv the case in dysentery of cattle. 



The urine contains albumen, also occasionally formed ele- 

 ments such as casts, sometimes also blood, and it shows an acid 

 reaction even in herbivora. 



The symptoms de- 

 scribed are accompa- 

 nied by great prostra- 

 tion and grave gen- 

 eral symptoms. An 

 elevated temperature 

 (Fig. 38) sets in from 

 the start, but the 

 height of the fever 

 varies considerably in 

 different cases. The 

 elevation may occur 

 gradually or the dis- 

 ease may set in with 

 a high fevef. In hem- 

 orrhagic gastro-enter- 

 itis of dogs the tem- 

 perature soon goes 

 down or it may be sub- 

 normal from the start. 

 The pulse is acceler- 

 ated from the begin- 

 ning and it becomes 

 small and soft. The heat distribution on the periphery is un- 

 equal, the extremities feel cold, the skin is covered with per- 

 spiration and later on the eyes sink in. 



Finally the animals lie on the floor stupefied and motion- 

 less, or they show convulsive motions, dizziness, muscular con- 

 tractions, or their behavior is like that of dumb staggers. Hemor- 

 rhages into the skin, into the mucosae or into the retina are 

 sometimes observed (Schindelka). 



Croupous diphtheritic enteritis in the horse occurs in three different 

 types. The most frequent type begins with great dullness and weakness 

 of the patient, the gait is markedly staggering, the temperature rises to 

 40-41° C. or even higher, the conjunctiva^ appear icteric, dirty discol- 

 ored, injected. There is a lack of appetite, diarrhea sets in only after 

 four to five days (see Fig. 38), the feces are at first mashy, then entirely 

 fluid and fetid ; they may contain pieces of pseudomembranes ; before 

 diarrhea has set in, dry feces may in rare cases he covered with shreds 

 of croupous membranes. After diarrhea has appeared, a fatal issue 

 generally soon occurs. The second type, according to Keilgaard, gen- 



Fig. 38. Fever curve in diphtheritic enteritis in a 

 horse. 



