356 Inflammation of the Stomach and Intesthies. 



l)eeii added (sec page 333) ; such iniusioiis may be repeated sev- 

 eral times. 



If the sick animals are still in a fair state of nutrition, they 

 should be starved several days; the tormenting thirst must, 

 however, be alleviated by lukewarm water. Dogs should also 

 receive tea with some cognac. If there is great debility muci- 

 laginous food should be given, such as soups of linseed, oat- 

 meal, rice, sago with the addition of alcohol and eggs or wine, 

 soups with the yellow of eggs, if the condition of the stomach 

 permits feeding by mouth at all. If this is impossible, artificial 

 feeding must be instituted (see page 333) ; this may he accom- 

 plished by rectal feeding or, if the rectum is likewise affected, 

 by subcutaneous or perhaps by intravenous injections. 



Literature. Albrecht, W. f. Tk., 1881, 1. — Bang, Maanedsskr., 1890, 235.— 

 Berg, Maanedsskr., 1896, VIII, 236.— Berger, T. Z., 1905, 81.— Chaiisse, Kec, 1905, 

 788.— Ficker, Z. f. Flhyg., 1906, XVI, 361 (Kev.).— Frohner, Monh., 1892, III, 49.— 

 Galtier, J. vet., 1887, 142.— Gerlach, Rinderpest, 1867, 61.— Glage, Monh., 1901, 

 XIII, 550; XIV, 25.— Glasser, D. t. W., 1909, 513.— Heuss, Z. f. Vk., 1908, 201.— 

 Keilgaard, Maanedsskr., 1907, XIX, 81.— Mohler & Buckley, Anim. ind., 1902, 297.— 

 Miiller, S. B., 1893, 21.— Oemler, A. f. Tk., 1.SS2, VIII, 241.— Piorkowsky & Jesa, 

 B. t. W., 1901, 45.— Pusch, D. Z. f. Tm., 1893, XIX, 38.— Eeynal, Diet., 1860, V, 

 149.— Schiel, B. t. W., 1906, 361.— Sehindelka, O. Z. f. Vk., 1891, 90.— Szanto, A. L., 

 1908, 12.— Wedernikow, Vet. Jhb., 1893, 70.— Wrzosek, V. A., CLXXVIII, 82.— 

 Wyssmann, Schw., A. 1907, XLIX, 129. 



Enteritis in Fowls. Aside from secondary enteritis which occurs 

 in the course of fowl cholera, hemorrhagic septicemia of chickens and 

 other fowl-septicemias, in fowl diphtheria, in poisoning by acrid sub- 

 stances and finally in the presence of intestinal parasites (coccidia-en- 

 teritis, helminthiasis), primary cronpous-diphtheritic processes are met 

 with in the intestines of chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys and peacocks 

 (Roll, Johne, Kitt, Guittard). Such affections may appear sporadically 

 in animals of one species only or in animals of several species. 



The cause of cronpous-diphtheritic enteritis in fowl is not well 

 known ; however there is no doubt that one must look for infectious 

 agents as their cause. 



Fumagalli has seen an enzootic croupous enteritis in chickens caused by asper- 

 gillus. 



Post-mortem examination shows, either in the small intestines 

 (Roll, Kitt) or only in the cecum (Guittard), soft cylindrical cronpous- 

 diphtheritic masses as long as a finger, filling the intestines more or less 

 completely ; the mucosa is intensely reddened, swollen and hemorrhagic. 

 In other cases the intestines contain a smeary-purulent, rice-waterlike or 

 light reddish-gray discolored fluid ; while the mucosa is either in a con- 

 dition of serous infiltration and partial softening (Roll) or is covered by 

 a veil of fibrin coagula, or it shows sharply contoured, blackish or green- 

 ish-gray places, elevated 3-4 mm. above the surface; still other evi- 

 dences of inflammation may likewise be seen. 



The symptoms of the disease are lack of appetite, depression, slug- 

 gish motion due to stiffness of the muscles, brown discoloration of the 

 integument of the lower abdomen, violent diarrhea with yellowish drop- 

 pings. 



