364 Accumulation ot Feces in the Intestines. 



tion threatens, these animals likewise require intestinal punc- 

 ture. The latter is practiced in the middle of the left or on the 

 right side of the abdomen. 



Literature. Berg, Maanedsskr, 1896, VIII, 332.— Braun, Kaninchenkrkh, 1907, 

 9.— Foringer, W. f. Tk., 1880, 71.— Goldbeck, D. t. W., 1907, 335.— Hendrickx, Ann., 

 1907, 545.— Hunmierich, Z. f. Vk., 1908, 444.— Imniinger, W. f. Tk., 1890, 369.— 

 Jensen, Tidsskr., 1S91, 103.— Noaek, S. B., 1896, 142.— Rexiliiis Z. f. Vk., 1896, 216. 

 — Scheunert & (Jrinimer, Dresd., Jhb., 1906. — Schlampp, Then Techuik, 1907, 11, 

 249.— Wohner, W. f. Tk., 1905, 825. 



20. Accumulation of Feces in the Intestines. Impaction. 

 Obstipatio. 



(Kotansdioppung im Darm, Verstopfung, Hartleibigkeit [Ger- 

 man] ; Indigestion intestinale par surcharge [French].) 



Obstipation or impaction consists in an accumulation and 

 drying of masses of feces in the intestines with subsequent 

 progressive enlargement of some portions of the intestinal tract, 

 which condition may finally lead to a complete closure of the 

 intestinal lumen. 



The disease defined as above has a definite clinical and pathologic- 

 anatomical picture and may he differentiated from other forms of fecal 

 accumulations accompanying displacements, circumscril)ed paralysis, 

 obturation of the gut, also acute peritonitis and acute diseases of the 

 stomach. 



The symptoms of obstipation or impaction vary so much 

 according to different animals, that it is necessary to treat them 

 separately for each species. 



(a) Obstipation in the Intestines of the Horse. 



{AnschoppungskoUk [German] ; Collca stercoracea; Iiidigesfion 

 'intestinale par surcharge [French].) 



Occurrence. The frequency of primary obstipation is 

 largely determined by the type of feed and hence the disease 

 varies very much as to occurrence in various parts of the world. 

 Ill the Budapest Clinic oljstipation varies in ditferent years from 

 6 to 20% of the cases of colic observed. 



As the frequency of obstipation varies, i-o its localization to individual parts 

 of the intestinal tract is varia])]e. Of 287 cases of primary obstipation seen in the 

 Budapest Clinic during tlie years 1906 to 1909, there were 210 cases of colon obsti- 

 pation, 23 cases of colon-cecum obstipation, 27 cases of ileum obstipation, 3 cases 

 of duodenal obstipation, 17 cases of cecum obstipation. In the Berlin Clinic the 

 Btatistics for 449 fatal cases of obstipation observed during the years 1897 to 1907, 

 show: 224 involvement of the colon, 106 times ileum, cecum 89 times, duodenum 17 

 times, rectum 11 times, jejunum twice. 



Etiology. The long continued ingestion of feed rich in cel- 

 lulose and wood fibers frequently plays a role in the production 



