412 Internal Straiii;ulation of tlie Intestine. 



sioii of the larger venous trunks, while thronil)osis of smaller individual 

 branches, or an incomplete closure of larger veins, remains unrecognized. 

 The mesenteric veins show anatomical conditions similar to those of the 

 mesenteric arteries, but they are much more easily dilated, hence the 

 conditions for establishing a collateral circulation in thrombosis of the 

 portal vein are ciuite favorable. Siedamgrotzky, Mollereau and Con- 

 nochic saw attacks of colic in the horse, Gohre in cattle ; the attacks 

 extended over a period of three weeks in Siedamgrotzky 's case. Cattle 

 show under these circumstances signs of a grave indigestion in addition 

 or to the exclusion of other symptoms (Gohre, Spann). The authors 

 have seen diarrhea and hemorrhages from the intestines in a dog due to 

 compression of several veins of the small intestines. 



Postmortem examination either shows abdominal ascites or a hem- 

 orrhagic infiltration of the intestinal wall. Compression of the trunk 

 of the portal vein not infre(|uently causes chronic interstitial hepatitis. 



Literature. Barrier, Bull., 1906, 283.— Connochic, D. t. W., 1898, 417.— (Ee- 

 view.)— Gohre, S. B., 19()(i, 72.— Gratia, Ann., 1906, 489.- Siedamgrotzky, S. B., 

 1876, 30.— Spann, W. f. Tk., 1906, 185. 



24. Internal Strangulation of the Intestine. Incarceratio et 

 strangulatio intestini. 



{Darme'niklemmung, Darwrerschniinoif/, Darmeinschnuruug 

 [German].) 



Internal strangulation of the intestines consists in a rapid 

 closure of the lumen of the intestine by pressure from some 

 body situated outside of the bow^els, so that strangulated or in- 

 carcerated portion of the intestine at once shows signs of stag- 

 nation of the blood. 



Occurrence. Horses are more frequently affected by in- 

 ternal strangulation than other domestic animals with tlie ex- 

 ception of oxen in some regions where they suffer frequently 

 from socalled "spermatic duct strangulation" (see below^ under 

 "Etiology"). Of the cases of colic in horses about 1 to 1.5 

 per cent are due to internal intestinal strangulation and of the 

 fatal cases of colic about 5 to 13 per cent. Aside from the cases 

 in oxen referred to above this form of displacement of the 

 intestines is rare in cattle and other domestic animals. 



statistics of the Prussian army for the years 1892-1908 show that of 71,532 oases 

 of colic among horses 1,069 cases (1.489^) were clue to internal strangulation, and 

 among these postmortem examination showed 304 (0.429^ ) to be diaphragmatic 

 hernia; 234 (337^) dis])]acenients through the foramen of Winslow; and during 

 1892-1906 there occurred 218 cases (0.357,) of strangidation through clefts in the 

 mesentery; 263 eases (0.437) of strangulation by ligaments, pediculated tumors, 

 etc. Among 8,426 cases of death from colic, 12.77 were due to internal strangu- 

 lation. 



In the Berlin Clinic there were, among 8,686 cases of colic which occurred from 

 1897-1907 ninety-three cases (1.17) of internal strangulation, and among these 

 thirty-four cases (0.397'-) of strangulation in clefts or internal hernia: thirty-nine 

 cases (0.457,) of strangulation by ligaments, etc.; seventeen cases (0.27c) of dis- 



