458 



Stomach-worm Disease of Sheep and Goats. 



name of Lonibriz (see Vol. I) was caused by a bacillus bipolaris entering through 

 such injuries made by Strougylus. Lignieres believed that the presence of Strongylus 

 has nothing to do directly with the disease, which he considered entirely due to the 

 bipolar bacilli. However, the general experience is against the view of Lignieres 

 that disturbances met with in the presence of Strongylus infection are due to bac- 

 terial invasion. 



Anatomical Changes. The parasites usually adhere in 

 large numbers to the mucosa of the abomasum which presents 

 the appearance of ah acute or chronic catarrh, and occasionally 

 also small ulcers. The contents of the abomasum may show a 

 reddish discoloration. Sometimes the Strongylus worms can 

 be found only by a microscopic examination (Stoedter), but it is 

 generally sufficient to mix the gastric contents with water in 

 order to insure their detection (Ransom). 



Symptoms. The onset of the symptoms occur a certain 

 time after the ingestion of the embryos; the s^^nptoms may 

 come on in the fall or only during winter 

 and they indicate nutritive disturbances 

 and anemia. The animals at first appear 

 less lively; they are feeble and remain 

 back in development in spite of a well pre- 

 served appetite. In the course of time, 

 the symptoms of anemia, hydremia and 

 cachexia set in, and the very much emaci- 

 ated animals finally die. In the later 

 course of the disease the feces are some- 

 times dark and fluid and are voided with 

 symptoms of colic; the feces then some- 

 times show Strongylus ova (Fig. 52) ; in 

 other cases convulsions and paralytic con- 

 ditions are seen. The blood shows many 

 poikilocytes (deformed red blood corpus- 

 cles, Wernicke) on microscopic examina- 

 tion and basophilic granules in the red blood corpuscles. 



Fig. 52. Ovum of Strongyl 

 filicollis. 



Treatment. Strongylosis may be treated with more or less 

 success with the following drugs : Oil of turpentine, alone or 

 mixed with stinking animal oil (of each one teaspoonful), kam- 

 ala (4-5.0 gm. per day in water or milk), picrate of potash (0.12- 

 0.20 gin. in an infusion of linseed on three consecutive days, 

 Eaabe), nut areca and also arsenic (for ten sheep daily 50.0 

 gm. of arecanut and 1-2 gm. arsenic mixed with l)ran, Moussu). 

 On account of its variability in composition creosote (given in 

 1% watery mixture, 60-120 gm. to lambs, 90-150 gm. to sheep) 

 often fails to produce favorable results. Sulphate of copper 

 has given good results in South Africa (1.257© watery solution 

 25 gm. for very young lambs, 45 gm. for lambs one-half year old, 

 75 gm. for yearlings and 90-100 gin. for adult sheep). The sick 

 and suspected animals should be given a nutritious diet. 



