486 Worms in the Intestinal Tract. 



niation of tlie duodenum with hemorrliagic spots in the mucosa, 

 many Dochmii in this portion of the intestinal tract, partly ad- 

 herent to the mucosa, partly free in the lumen, and also present 

 to a lesser extent in the jejunum. The intestinal contents may be 

 hemorrhagic. 



Symptoms. A morbid desire to lick often is the first 

 marked symptom of the disease ; sometimes, however, this sjmip- 

 toni appears later in its course and progressive emaciation be- 

 comes noticeable before anything else. Colicky symptoms ap- 

 pear from time to time, which are followed by diarrhea, lasting 

 for several days. Diarrhea is also noticed during the whole 

 course of the atfection, independently of colics, alternating with 

 constipation and bloating. Edema of the larynx, of the extremi- 

 ties, and collections of fluid in the serous cavities come on, the 

 animals become feeble, their gait is staggering. The cachectic 

 animals finally cannot get up any more and they die in coma. 



The course and duration of the disease vary very much ac- 

 cording to the number of Dochmii present in the intestinal tract. 



Diagnosis. A correct diagnosis depends upon finding char- 

 acteristic ova of Dochmii in the feces on microscopical examina- 

 tion (see page 483). The affection must also be differentiated 

 from gastro-intestinal strongylosis by a microscopical examina- 

 tion of the feces; ova of strongylus (see page 458) are much 

 larger than those of Dochmius radiatus, and they are usually 

 unsegmented. Enteritis paratuberculosa is distinguished from 

 dochmiasis by continuous diarrhea with water stools, and often 

 by the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which may be found in great 

 numbers in scrapings from the anterior portion of the rectum. 



Treatment and Prophylaxis. Aside from intense feeding, 

 the vermifuges that are recommended for gastric strongylosis 

 and aseariasis (see pages 458 and 479) should be employed. 



As prophylactic means are recommended, change of pas- 

 ture (infected pasture may be utilized for other species of ani- 

 mals), clean drinking water, if possible running water, well or 

 spring water, burning or burying of the manure, or at least fre- 

 quent sprinkling of the manure with lime water, cleaning and 

 drying out of the barn. 



Literature. Dawson, D. v. W., 1007, 243 (Eeview).— Duschanek, T. Z., 1909, 

 114. 



Dochmii in Other Animals. Doeliuiius cerniuis lives occasionally in 

 the small intestines of goats and sheep, without having a detrimental 

 effect. Strose saw digestive disturbances caused in a hog by Dochmius 

 longemucronatus. AVhat Rathonyi described as a dochmiasis in nine 

 horses, was a strongylosis, as sho^^^^ by v. Ratz. Schmaltz found Un- 

 cinaria os papillatum in two elephants with hemorrhagic enteritis, 

 anemia and liwlremia. 



