504 Coccidia in the Intestines. 



ill natural infection in pheasants ; it leads to the development of 

 a marantic condition and diarrhea may alternate with consti- 

 pation. 



According to Eckardt the mortality is 60 to 70 per cent; 

 sometimes all yonng animals affected die. 



Diagnosis. The disease can be diagnosticated only by the 

 microscopic discovery of the coccidia in the droppings or in the 

 intestinal contents of dead animals ; the descril^ed clinical symp- 

 toms in connection with the history may excite a proper sus- 

 picion. The differential diagnosis has to consider fowl cholera, 

 chicken plague and the various septicemic diseases of birds. 



Treatment. Morse recommends the administration of 0.006- 

 0.01 gm. of calomel or a few drops of castor oil, with two or three 

 drops of oil of turpentine. Eailliet & Lucet prescribe sodium 

 subsulfurosum (0.3-2 gm.) for chickens; Klee for pigeons 5 gm. 

 sulphate of iron and 15 gm. pure glycerine in one quart of boiled 

 water. 



Prophylaxis. The separation of the sick from the healthy 

 animals must at once be provided for, then thorough disinfection 

 of the coops and daily thorough cleaning. The barnyard where 

 fowls are kept should be kept dry, the droppings should be re- 

 moved, the incubators should be disinfected and dried out, the 

 floors calcimined. Morse recommends purgation of the hens 

 one or two weeks before they begin laying, and cleaning of 

 the eggs that are to be hatched, with 95 per cent alcohol. 



Water fowl should be kept away from half-dried out pools 

 or swamps. Eckardt succeeded in stopping an enzootic of coc- 

 cidiosis among chicks by given them sterile water and sand 

 sterilized by heat. 



Literature. Eckardt, B. t. W., 1903, 178.— McFadyean, J. of comp. Path., 

 1894, 131.— Klee, Geflligelkrkh, 1905, 37; Vet. Jhb., 1906, 352.— Kleinpaul, Pr. 

 Vb., 1904, II, 36.— Martin, Eev. vet., 1909, 413.— Morse, The Vet. Journ., 1908, 

 389; Pr. Vb., 1901, II, 25.— Eailliet, Zool. Med. 1895, 142.— Ziirn, Vortr. f. Tzte., 

 1878, I, H, 2. 



Perityphlo-hepatitis meleagridum. (Entero-hepatitis infectiosa 

 meleagriduui [Melvin]). Smith in America, Lucet in France and Klee 

 in Germany have observed an epizootic disease of turkeys. It affects 

 animals 2 to 3 months old and has a mortality of 80%. The disease begins 

 with lack of appetite, weakness, and prostration ; soon fetid yellowish, 

 thin fluid feces are voided. The animals emaciate rapidly, the comb 

 and the wattles become withered, grayish or dark discolored (hence 

 the English name "black-head") ; death occurs at the end of the first 

 or at the beginning of the second week. In less severe cases, the animals 

 improve, diarrhea ceases, comb and wattles regain their turgor and 

 their red color; convalescence is, however, of long duration and recur- 

 rences may occur. 



The enlarged liver contains numerous yellowish, tough, partly 



