Anatomical Changes. Symptoms. 535 



2. Nodular induration with irregularities of the surface as large as hens' 

 eggs (hobnail liver of the ox and lobulated liver of the piy). 



3 Granular atrophy, seen in the dog, ox and pig. ... 



4 Cicatrized liver, seen in cattle and sheep and due to the cicatrization of 

 burrow's in the liver tissue made by parasites (Cysticercus tenuicollis and distonios). 



5. Nodular fatty liver (dog), characterized by the formation of nodules as 

 large as hazelnuts or larger, and fatty degeneration and jaundice of the liver. 



Evidence of congestion of the portal area and jaundice com- 

 plete the list of lesions. In Schweinsberg disease, pronounced 

 catarrhal gastritis is a constant lesion. 



Symptoms. The onset of the disease is unnoticed as a rule 

 and even in later stages the symptoms are frequently only 

 those of an indefinite digestive disorder. Capricious appetite, 

 gaping and vomiting (observed l)y Moens in the horse) indicate 

 severe 2-astric catarrh. There may be either constipation or 



Fig. 67. Enlargement of the area of hepatic dulness in chronic hepatitis in the horse. 



Tlie area enclosed by the line indicates the area of duiness, the white dots the costal 



arch, and the numbers indicate the position of the corresponding ribs. The liver in 



this case weighed 19.7 kilos. 



diarrhea. Horses show symptoms of colic after eating large 

 quantities of coarse food (especially straw mixed with dung) 

 causing dilatation of the stomach (Imminger). In cases in cat- 

 tle, caused by plants of the genus Senecio, there is severe di- 

 arrhea, tenesmus and often in consequence prolapse of the rec- 

 tum. Horses show s;^^nptoms of "sleepy staggers." Persis- 

 tence of these SJ^nptoms causes the animal to lose condition. 

 The mucous membranes appear pale and sometimes yellow. In 

 Schweinsberg disease there may be early congestion of the niu- 

 cous membranes. The skin is dry and its elasticity is dimin- 

 ished. The coat is rough and there is progressive wasting. 

 Animals lose their energy, tire easily and show signs of broken 

 wind. 



The enlargement of the liver is only exceptionally sufficient 

 to cause it to encroach upon the hypochondriac region. In the 



