other Neoplasms in the Liver. 54X 



be expected of surgical interference. (Parascandolo removed 

 a carcinoma from the liver of a sheep with good results. 



Literature. Kasparek, T. Z., 1907, 470. — Markus, Beitr. z. path. Anat. der 

 Leber etc. Diss. Bern, 1902 (Lit.).— Parascandolo, Clin. Vet., 1901, 598.— Wil- 

 helnii, Schw. A., 1903, XLV, 156. 



Other Neoplasms in the Liver. From a clinical point of view these 

 have only a su))ordinate interest as they generally remain nnobserved 

 during the life of the animal and can only be distinguished from 

 earcinomata when the primary growth is situated in some part of the 

 body or in some organ that is more accessible to investigation. Sarco- 

 ma of the liver most closely resembles carcinoma of that organ. Pri- 

 mary sarcoma of the liver is extremely rare, but metastases from 

 growths in the peritoneum, intestine or mesentery are oliserved some- 

 what more frecjuently. In these cases also, there is a gradually progres- 

 sive cachexia, enlargement and sensitiveness of the liver, and in some 

 instances jaundice and ascites. Cadeac records a case in which the 

 neoplasm involved the wall of the portal vein in an ox and caused, 

 the animal's death. In the liver' of the horse melanomata and mela- 

 notic sarcomata are not absolutely rare and these may be present in 

 large numbers. 



Adenomata (Ad. simplex, fibrosum, Cholangiosum viride) are very 

 rare and cause symptoms only when they become carcinonuitous. 



Angiomata are of fairly common occurrence in the ox, but rarely 

 cause any symptoms. The lesions are generally numerous. (Hem- 

 angioma cavernosum or Telangiectasia capillaris.) Trasbot records 

 a case in which a horse which had shown slight symptoms of colic 

 a year previously, died from hemorrhage following rupture of an 

 angioma, and Ball saw a similar case in a cat. 



Tras1)ot found two lipomata in the liver of a dog, one of which 

 was as large as a child's head, and Ratz has seen lipomata in the livers 

 of birds. 



Villus-like outgrowths sometimes occur in the gall-l)ladder, es- 

 pecially in cattle. These sometimes are simple papillomata and some- 

 times have the structure of a villous cancer. In the latter case, sec- 

 ondary cancer nodules may be present in the liver. 



Literature. Ball, J. Vet., 1904, 191.— Jiiger, A. f. Tk., 1907, XXXIII, 71.— 

 Markus, Beitr. z. path. Anatoniie d. Leber. Diss. Bern, 1902. — Biihniekorf, Uber 

 multiple disseni. Kapillarekt. d. Leber usw., Diss. Leipzig-, 1907 (Lit.). — Euppert, 

 A. f. Tk., 1909, XXXV, 150.— Saake, D. Z. f. Tni., 1896, XXII, 142.— Trasbot, 

 A. d'Alf., 1879, 241. 



Tuberculosis and Actinomycosis of the Liver. Tubercu- 

 losis of the liver is common in cattle, pigs and birds, more rare 

 in the dog, and is exceptional in tlie other domestic animals. 

 It is usually secondary to disease of the peritoneum, intestine 

 or mesenteric glands. Occasionally it is embolic and it is also 

 primary in young animals that have been infected by way of 

 the placenta. The liver contains at first only quite small le- 

 sions and later caseous or caseo-purulent lesions of consider- 

 able size. Tlie material contained in the lesions sometimes re- 

 sembles mortar. In some cases the lesions have the appearance 



