720 Paralysis of the Trigeuiinal Nerve. 



placed uijon the tongue is gulped down with some effort. In 

 some cases rabies, and exceptionally distemper, may be accom- 

 panied by bilateral paralysis. 



Paralysis due to diseases of the brain is in many cases only 

 partial, the loss of sensibility is often limited to one or the other 

 branch of the nerve, while a partial disease of the long tri- 

 geminal nucleus or the root appears to be quite possible. 



In many cases facial paralysis follows paralysis of the trigeminal nerve 

 (Dexler, Tenipel and Marek), or there may be sjTiiptoms of bulbar paralysis. In 

 a ease of paralysis caused by a subparoti<l abscess Dupas observed simultaneously 

 hyperidrosis and hyperthermia of the head and part of the neck, and hyperesthesia 

 of the larynx. 



Course. In the dog paralysis resulting from a blow on the 

 peripheral portion of the nerve may be cured within one or two 

 weeks or in some cases later if the animal be fed artificially in 

 the meanwhile. In some cases, however, the paralysis is per- 

 sistent, in which case there is pronounced atrophy of the mus- 

 cles of mastication. Paralysis due to concussion of the brain 

 is in some cases curable, but paralysis due to other causes does 

 not tend to disappear. 



Diagnosis. There is no difficulty about recognizing paraly- 

 sis of the motor and sensory branches, but the discovery of the 

 cause is sometimes associated with some difficulty. Differen- 

 tial diagnosis of the paralysis observed in rabies from the other 

 forms of bilateral paralysis is easy when the change in the 

 habits of the animal, its appearance, the disturbance of appetite 

 and swallowing and the weakness of the hind quarters are taken 

 into consideration. 



Treatment. In cases of paralysis of the jaws resulting 

 from concussion the principal thing is to provide the animal 

 with nourishment artificially. This may l)e done either with a 

 stomach tube or by simply placing pulpy or somewhat more 

 solid food on the root of the tongue. Further treatment ap- 

 pears to be superfluous except massage and the application of 

 electricity. Similar treatment may be adopted in cases result- 

 ing from concussion of the brain. Treatment in other cases is 

 useless. 



Literature. Berton, Eev. Gen., 1903, I, 455.— Cadeac and Eoquet, J. Vet., 

 1908, 65.— Dexler, Nervenkrkh. d. Pferdes, 1899, 26 (Lit.).— Franz, B. t. W., 1903, 

 40.— Meyer, Monh., 1904, XV, 60.— Pr. Mil. Yh., 1902, 92.— Eegenbogen, B. t. W., 

 1907, 325.— Eeuschel, W. f. Tk., 1907, 706. 



Spasms of the Muscles Supplied by the Trigeminus. These are ob- 

 served in cases of tetanus (trismus) and they also appear to be some- 

 what frequent in eases of distemper, in which cases there are more or 

 less rhythmic contractions. The contractions occur either on o»e or 

 both sides causing the teeth to be brought together in such a way as 

 to produce a distinct cracking sound. 



