Paralysis Before Calviiig. Paralysis of the Pudic Nerve. 749 



hay-hands, hy pushing hay or faggots under it. If convenient, slings 

 may he used! Hess, Alhreeht, Zehl and others have fonnd inflation of 

 the udder with air, useful. 



Literature. Albrecht, W. f. Tk., 1906, 741 (Lit.).— Hess, Schw. A., 1905, 

 XLVII, 279.— Zehl, B. t. W., 190S, 117. 



Paralysis Before Calving-. This is a symptom of weakness, and 

 is seen in old cows that are in poor condition, or in cows that are weak 

 through long retention in stalls. It may be the result of fractures, 

 luxations, bruising, brittleness of the bones, or infiltration of the 

 muscles of the croup or pelvis. 



14. Paralysis of the Pudic Nerve. 



Occurrence. Paralysis of the pudic nerve appears to be a 

 very rare condition and it occurs exclusively in the horse. 



Etiology. Paralysis of the penis may be due to traumatism 

 (a. kick in the perineum, bruising- against the bale, etc.), more 

 frequently it is associated witli influenza (Barrier, Frohner, 

 Scliulze). In some cases the cause cannot be discovered. In 

 one case Barrier observed, in addition to bruising of the peri- 

 neum, signs of chronic interstitial neuritis in the pudic nerve. 

 Frohner is inclined to attribute the paralysis following in- 

 fluenza to a disease of the spinal cord. In a proportion of cases 

 the cause of the paralysis appears to be in the muscles. 



Symptoms. Owing to paralysis of the retractor penis which 

 is supplied by the pudic nerve there is protrusion of the penis 

 which later becomes edematous because of the obstacles offered 

 to the flow of blood and lymph. 



In some cases recovery takes place w^ithin a few weeks or 

 months. In a case recorded by Roder recovery took place with- 

 out any treatment after five years. In the majority of cases 

 the paralysis does not appear to regress. 



Diagnosis. Protrusion of the penis owing to surgical con- 

 ditions must be excluded before the disease is taken to be of 

 nervous origin. 



Treatment. If the paralysis does not disappear after 

 several months amputation of the penis is indicated. This is 

 often followed by stricture of the urethra. 



Literature. Barrier, Eec, 1899, 70.— Boos and Eomer, D. t. W., 1899, 348. 

 —Frohner, Monh., 1898, IX, 1; 1904, XV, 217.— Hoeg, Maanedsskr., 1899, XI, 209. 



