Meniere's Disease. Paralytic Vertigo. 765 



absent. The cause of vertigo is hard to establish and its dis- 

 covery is especially necessary in newly bought horses. 



Treatment. At the beginning of an attack of megrims the 

 horse should immediately be unharnessed and by supporting the 

 head and shoulders the animal is prevented from collapsing. 

 Covering up the eyes, and cold douches to the head, also exercise 

 a favorable influence. If the fall cannot be avoided, one must 

 at least take care that the animal does not injure itself. After 

 the passing of an attack, a judicious rubbing of the body and 

 limbs has a good effect. 



The treatment is directed to the cause of the vertigo and if 

 this can be ascertained complete recovery may be expected. By 

 judicious care and cautious use of the animal, by removal of the 

 disturbing blinkers, as well as by the employment of proper 

 harness, the best results will be attained. 



Literature. Dexler, Nervenkrkh. d. Pferdes, 1889, 231.— Guibert, Eec, 1899, 

 725.— Hering, 8pez. Path., 1858, 658.— Lustig, D. Z. f. Tm., 1878, IV, 17. 



Meniere's Disease. (Vertigo ab aure laesa, V. labyrinthina.) By 

 this is understood in human medicine, vertigo, caused by a neurosis of 

 the nerves of hearing and which is accompanied by strong buzzing in the 

 ears. The affection is often caused by disease of the arched passages of 

 the membranous labyrinth which is well known to play an important part 

 in the preservation of equilibrium. 



A similar morbid condition was noticed by Fleming in several 

 horses with the following symptoms : The animal suddenly shook one ear, 

 bent its head to the same side, moved in a circle or pushed to one side, 

 had a fixed gaze and finally fell on the side on which it shook its ear; 

 after a time it stood up but remained excited for a long time. — Similar 

 cases have been noticed in horses by Frohner, and Lellmann saw one in a 

 cat which afterwards became deaf. — (Fleming, The Vet., 1891, 466. — 

 Lellmann, B. t. W., 1902, 776.) 



In chicken pest similar attacks of vertigo (twisting of the head, nod- 

 ding of the head, circular movements, rolling) have been noticed in hens 

 (Centanni, Ostertag & Wolffhiigel), and oftener in geese, further in arti- 

 ficially infected young pigeons (Vol. I). The authors saw similar symp- 

 toms in two hens affected with purulent otitis or purulent inflammation 

 of the petrous temporal bone. 



Paralytic Vertigo. (Vertigo paralysans.) Gerlier noticed in the 

 Canton of Geneva among laborers and herdsmen repeated peculiar 

 attacks of vertigo with passing paralysis of different muscles, occurring 

 as an epidemic. He also saw similar attacks in the same neighborhood in 

 several cats. The symptoms were as follows : the animal stopped suddenly, 

 shook its head often to one side, and finally bent it until its nose 

 touched the ground. In severe cases, the animal fell on its belly, and re- 

 mained a few minutes lying motionless on the ground. After the passing 

 of the attack the animal stood up again and moved about in a normal 

 way. Many times on account of the relaxation of the muscles dramng 

 down the lower jaw pseudotrismus was observed. During the attacks the 

 animal did not see although consciousness persisted. The attacks were 



