S;}(j Tric'linn-lioxis Nodosa, 



even this treatment Mill pi-ove successful only after a lon.i;" 

 time and sometimes not at all. Uehele claims to liave obtained 

 excellent results in making the hair grow by energetic daily 

 applications by friction of nafalan. 



Literature. Tieslik, B. t. W., lOOfi, 233.— Katzke, Z. f. Vk., 1898, 289.— Kett- 

 ner, ibid, 1905, 122.— Roller, Eep., 1842, 306.— Krait, Eev. vet., 190.-), 634.— Kriiger, 

 Z. f. \k., 1893, 252.— :\roussu, Rec, 189S, 81.- Rodev, S. B., 1903, 296.— Eiiegg, 

 8ehw. A., 1890, XXX, 124.— Tveiidelenburg, Xeiirol. Cbl., 1906, 386. 



Trichorrhexis Nodosa. Tliis aft'ection which is not uneoinmon in 

 the heard and hair of the head in man occurs also in horses, where it 

 is seen generally as an enzootic. Exceptionally it may occur in swine, 

 and Schindelka succeeded in observing the characteristic changes in 

 the bristles of a shaving brush. On the tail and mane of horses, and oc- 

 casionally also at one or several places on the hairs of the body, ball 

 or spindle-shaped swellings occur in the hair which give it the appear- 

 ance of being infested with white nits. Even on slight pulling the hair 

 breaks at these places, and when the break is examined with the naked 

 eye or better under a low power, a brush-like unravelling may be 

 noticed. If many hairs close to one another are affected, and if the 

 free ends are broken off during grooming, the hair becomes rough and 

 it looks as if it had been singed ; even at a distance the lustre of the af- 

 fected spots is seen to be dulled ; the tail may come to look like a rat tail. 

 Contrary to what has been noticed hitherto, Bronec found in an en- 

 zootic, circumscribed swellings in the sheath of the hairs of the tail 

 only, while on the rest of the l)ody, chiefly in the mane and forelock, 

 the tips of the hairs were split in the manner of a brush. The skin 

 appeared rough, but itching was absent. The development always 

 proceeds slowly and may require a year. 



The cause of the disease is unknown at present. IMedical men 

 ascribe it to a disturhance of nutrition of the hair roots, or to intense 

 rubbing of the skin, while Hodara asserts a parasitic cause, having found 

 various shaped bacteria in the hair. The fact that many horses are 

 affected, and the spread of the disease in a stud seem to indicate 

 the infectious nature of the disease. 



Steiuhardt ohserve('' the spread of the infection from a few horses in a bat- 

 tery to almost all the horses of the regiment in 1 to 4 weeks; a similar observation 

 was also made bv Schindler & Moser. In Schindelka 's and Tennert 's cases, men 

 were infected. According to Schindelka the disease may be transmitted to cattle 

 by inoculation. .Jakob and Gross, however, did not succeed in proving the presence 

 of micrococci in the hair. 



The disease o])stinately resists the different methods of treatment, 

 ])ut it disappears spontaneously after 3 or 4 months and then loses 

 at the same time its infectious character ; relapses, however, occur 

 pretty frequently (Steinhardt). 



For treatment it seems most suitable to clip the hair and to cleanse 

 the skin thoroughly with disinfecting fluids. Trofimow found a mix- 

 ture of oil of turpentine with tincture of eantharides most effective, 

 Kalkoff a 5% watery solution of pyrogallol. Schindelka arrested the 

 disease by clipping and washing the skin thoroughly, and then by long 

 continued lotions of 1-2% sublimate solution, followed by sublimate 

 compresses applied for one day. Bronec also succeeded with this 

 inethod. but after drying the hair he rublied in creolin and linseed oil. 



