gy4 Buckwheat Rash. 



which are circulating in the blood and which cause an injury to 

 the vasomotors under the influence of the chemical rays of the 

 sun, in those portions of the skin in which the action of the 

 sun rays is not prevented by pigmentation. The functional dis- 

 turbance of the vasomotors is then said to lead to changes in the 

 vessel walls. The same substances are also supposed to pro- 

 duce certain disturbances in the digestive organs and in the 

 central nervous system. 



Symptoms. The exanthema develops mostly on the face 

 and on neighboring places such as the ears, the throat and 

 possibly the neck. 



In mild cases an erythematous inflannnation of the skin 

 occurs which manifests itself by intense redness, slight swelling 

 and sensitiveness of the skin at the affected spots as well as by 

 itching. The symptoms diminish in one or two days and the 

 animal recovers, yet desquamation as well as brownish dis- 

 coloration of the affected parts of the skin are observed for 

 some time. 



In severe cases the clinical picture of a vesiculous or ery- 

 sipelatous inflammation of the skin is presented; the deeply 

 reddened and painful skin swells considerably at the places 

 previously mentioned, and in consequence the ears droop limply. 

 Often lentil to pea-sized vesicles with clear contents form on 

 the skin (socalled head- or pox-erysipelas of sheep) ; after they 

 burst moist spots form, which, however, become covered with 

 crusts on drying of the secretion. At this time violent itching 

 exists which causes the animal to shake its head and rub it 

 against fixed objects. Generally brain s}^nptoms are also 

 noticed, the animal running restlessly to and fro, leaping about 

 wildly, executing forced movements, or appearing as if badly 

 stunned. In many cases the animals also have convulsions. 

 The appetite is more or less diminished. 



If the brain disturbances are considerable or if dyspnea 

 occurs as a result of narrowing of the nasal passages, a fatal 

 result may take place after 8 to 1:^ hours, otlierwise the disease 

 usually results in recovery in a few days, especially if the ani- 

 mals are led to a shady and cool place after the onset of the 

 first sjauptoms. 



Treatment. Change of food and placing the animal in a 

 cool and shady place or into the barn soon bring about improve- 

 ment. The administration of mild purgatives (castor oil 50 to 

 250 gm., neutral salts 50 to 100 gm.) is indicated. If severe 

 inflammatory symptoms are present, local treatment must be 

 carried out consisting in cold compresses with clean water or 

 with lead lotion, possibly also in washing with lime water, while 

 later inunctions of carbolized oil (1:10), lime water and linseed 



