884 Necrobacillosis of Other Animals. Herpes Labialis. 



The interdigital panaritiiiin and the necrotic (malignant) inflammation 

 of the claws in cattle also belong to this category (see Vol. I). 

 Finally many cases of pseiido-aphthous inflammation of the mouth (see 

 page 193) arise from an infection with the necrosis bacillns. This 

 was the case in an enzootic in cattle described by Vigadi. The disease 

 commenced here with apathy, diminished appetite and slight fever. 

 After 1 to 2 days salivation occurred, and on the reddened mucous 

 membrane of the mouth, especially on the inner surface of the lower 

 lip, of the dental pad of the upper jaw and the tip of the tongue, 

 necrotic patches appeared which varied in size from that of a lentil to 

 that of a quarter; they were roundish, grayish white; after their re- 

 moval the tissue of the mucous membrane was intensely reddened and 

 bleeding. In several cases the necrotic process also attacked the deeper 

 layers, whereupon deep ulcers with dirty grayish white smeary deposits 

 were formed. Simultaneously with these changes the lips, the alfe of 

 the nostrils and the region of the cheeks showed painful swellings, in 

 some eases diffuse, yellowish lirown scabs under which the skin was 

 intensely reddened, denuded of epithelium, and moist. Not infrequently 

 the skin of the feet was also affected, while the swollen and painful skin 

 of the interdigital clefts, more frequently, however, that at the edges 

 of the coronet, became necrotic at places varying from a one-cent to a 

 twenty-five-cent piece in size, and gave place to bleeding ulcers with 

 ragged edges. Now and then also grayish bro^ATi, firmly adherent scabs 

 were formed at the same time on the swollen skin of the fetlock region 

 which covered a moist surface denuded of epithelium. Recovery fol- 

 lowed in slight cases within 10 days, and it occurred even in the 

 severe cases by keeping the affected parts clean but without other special 

 treatment. 



Finally the enzootic necrosis of the vagina of cattle is caused by 

 the necrosis bacillus, and occurs together with necrotic inflammation of 

 the claws (Ellinger). 



In goats, enzootics of inflanuuation of the mouth have been observed 

 in France and Germany, the clinical appearance of which coincides with 

 that seen by Yigadi in cattle ; only that the process remained limited 

 to the mucous membrane of the mouth, and the neighliorhood of the 

 mouth. According to Cadeac and Mohler these cases also belong to 

 necrobacillosis. 



As a further form of the disease may be noted the necrotic inflam- 

 mation of the fold of the fetlock in horses, which may occur as an en- 

 zootic, and also the necrobacillosis of rabbits. 



Literature. Elmassian & Ulizar, A. P., 1906, 969.— Pr. Vb., 1903, II, 18.— 

 Vigadi, A. L., 1906, 423. 



11. Herpes Labialis. 



By herpes one designates a disease of the skin with acute onset 

 which heals in a short time, and which is characterized by vesicles filled 

 with serous fluid arising on a circumscribed surface. Such an eruption 

 usually develops on the lips and alae of the nostrils of horses in the 

 course of gastro-intestinal catarrh, or in acute infectious diseases. The 

 cause is unknown ; but a local irritation of certain nerves is suspected, 

 such as single branches of the trigeminus. At the aforementioned places 

 thickly clustered lentil-sized vesicles develop filled wdth a clear yellow 

 serum, there is also slight itching, moderate redness and swelling. After 



