900 



Herpes Tunsuraiis. 



diffei-t'iice belwccn the Iricopliytou fuiigns and tliat of faviis was estab- 

 lished, and l)y FreiK'h authors (Saliouraud, Jiodiii, IMegiiiii, ]\Iatriichot 

 & Dassonville, Neumann and others), several varieties of tricophyton 

 were distinguished. The theory concerning the multiplicity of trico- 

 phytes has l)een supported by some German authors (Pick, Kaposi, 

 Neisser), but Krai, Willsch, Maiocchi and Marianelli have raised 

 weighty objections which are leased on the results of their investigations. 



Occurrence. Herpes occurs in all domestic animals but 

 most frequenth^ in cattle, next in horses, more rarely in dogs, 

 cats and asses, and least frequently in swine, sheep and fowds ; 

 it w^as seen by Leyendecker in a freshly shot hare. The disease 

 appears to be more or less limited to certain localities, and 

 chiefly attacks young animals. In Germany it is especially fre- 

 quent in cattle introduced 

 from Oldenburg and Hol- 

 land, particularly i'n 

 young stock from Olden- 

 burg (Gerlach, Pusch). In 

 Normandy it is also com- 

 mon. Marshy regions gen- 

 erally appear to be favor- 

 able for the occurrence of 

 herpes. According to local 

 conditions the disease is 

 most prominent in stabled 

 animals or in animals out 

 on pasture, 3^et according 

 to the observations of 

 most authors the com- 

 plaint is a pasture dis- 

 ease. In this manner the 

 disease, which generally 

 occurs only in isolated 

 cases in cattle and horses, 

 may assume an epizootic 

 extension. Its economic 

 significance is due to the 

 fact that the nutrition of the affected animals is disturlied and 

 that the treatment entails much trouble and expense ; moreover, 

 the possibility exists that the disease is communicated to the 

 attendant or to the household of the owner. 



b c 



Fig. 130. Tricophyton tonsurans of a calf. 

 a hair; b remnants of a hair sheath; c fun- 

 gous mantle around the hair; d fungous fihi- 

 nients ; e horned epithelial cells. (Magnif. 200.) 



Etiology. Tricophyton tonsurans occurs on the skin of ani- 

 mals in the form of filaments (liyplkT?) which are about 4 microns 

 thick, either segmented or undivided; they are fairly uniform 

 and sometimes forked and break up into round or oblong spores 

 (conidia) wdiich strongly refract the light; they may be of yel- 

 lowish browai tinge and occasionally form chains. The mycelia 

 are found more particularly in the crusts and scabs, the conidia 

 around the hairs (Fig. 130). 



