Diagnosis. Prognosis. Treatment. Onychomycosis. 923 



general, to the favus of cats, but may lead to the formation of brittle 

 scabs about 1 cm. broad, of a flattened spherical shape, which on break- 

 ing up show a mealy contents exclusively formed by the spores of the 

 achorion fungus. (Megnin differentiated this disease as favus lycoper- 

 doides.) 



Favus of the rabbit often heals spontaneously. Only Megnin noted 

 one case of death after the anus had been obstructed by a crust that 

 had formed in that region. 



Diagnosis. In the presence of the characteristic favus 

 shields, honeycomb ringworm may readily be recognized. It 

 might l3e mistaken for herpes tonsurans, eczema seborrheicnm 

 or other skin diseases only if there is no characteristic eruption, 

 as is sometimes the case in the initial stage of favus. In such 

 cases sufficient points to establish a correct diagnosis will be 

 furnished by microscopic examination (scabs almost exclusively 

 consisting of fungous elements, often also the prevalence of 

 hypha?) and possibly by the yellow color of the scabs after treat- 

 ment with alcohol. 



Prognosis. The disease often heals spontaneously and with 

 suitable treatment more promptly; the prognosis is therefore 

 rather favorable. 



Treatment. After removal of the scabs, if necessary with 

 softening applications (see page 916), the diseased spots niay 

 be treated with salicylic ointment (1:10), tincture of iodine 

 (diluted with 1 to 5 parts of alcohol), Helmerich's ointment, 

 corrosive sublimate spirit (0.5%), pyrogallic acid (10 parts to 

 5 parts of citric acid and 90 parts of fat). The quickest result 

 was obtained by Schindelka by the application of 2 to 5% for- 

 malin paste, but considerable pain was caused by this pro- 

 cedure. The remedies are applied repeatedly, the skin having 

 previously been washed ; in cats the affected parts of the skin 

 must be cleaned by rubbing with bran instead of being washed. 



Literature. Grawitz, V. A., 1886, GUI, 393.— Jarisch, Hantkrkh., 1900.— 

 Kitt, Bakterienkimde, 1908, 536.— Kowalewsky, Vet. Jhb., 1887, 94.— Krai, Arch. f. 

 Dermatologie n. Syi^hilis, 1894, XXVII, 397.— Matnichot & Dassouville, Eec, 1900, 

 174._Neumanii, Eev. Vet., 1905, 160, 225 (Lit.).— Plant, Hb. f. p. M., 1903, I, 599 

 (Lit.).— Schindelka, Hautkrkh., 1908, 170 (Lit.).— Siedamgrotzky, S. B., 1872, 80; 

 1874, 63.— Walsch, Zbl. f. Bakt., 1895, XVIII, 138.— Wilbert, Eec. d'hyg. et de 

 med. vet. mil., 1909, X, 709.— Ziirn, Pfl. Parasiten, 1899, 264. 



Onychomycosis. Under this name Ercolani describes a disease of 

 the horn of the hoof that frequently occurs in asses and mules, but 

 more rarely in horses, through which a disturbance of the union be- 

 tween the horny and sensitive lamellas is caused, leading to the forma- 

 tion of hollow places (hollow wall). In the powder-like substance of 

 the hollow places Ercolani always found a fungus which is called 

 Achorion keratophagus. Baldoni has, however, not succeeded in caus- 

 ing the disease by the artificial transmission of the fungus. 



