Scabies of Sheep. 953 



dips. The udder and especially the teats and teat openings in ewes 

 should be rubbed with fat or oil before bathing in order to prevent the 

 entrance of the dipping fluid into the udder and subsequent diminution 

 of milk supply. The hands and arms of operators should also be free 

 from injuries, and the skin should be repeatedly anointed with fat or 

 oil during the dipping process in order to save the skin from becoming 

 brittle. All arsenical baths should only be used after the drug has been 

 dissolved completely. 



The original Tessier 's dip contained 1.5 kg. of arsenic, 10 kg. of sulphate of 

 iron, and 100 liters of water, which contents were mixed together and boiled for 

 10 minutes. 



Clement's dip only differs from the above in containing 5 kg. of sulphate of 

 zinc instead of iron. 



Matthews' dip is iron or zinc sulphate, to which 10 kg. of alum is added. 

 (Scheuerle & Kehm recommended a solution of 0.5 kg. of arsenic, 6 kg. of alum and 

 100 liters of water.) 



Trasbot's dip contains 1 kg. of arsenic, 5 kg. of sulphate of zinc, 0.5 kg. of 

 aloes and 100 liters of water; the arsenic on the one hand, the sulphate of zinc and 

 the aloes on the other must be dissolved separately in the water and then mixed 

 well together. 



Eberhardt's dip consists of 2.5 parts of arsenic, 20 parts of alum and 300 

 parts of water. 



In Fowler's dip 1 part of arsenic and potash are dissolved in 100 parts 

 of water. 



Viborg's dip is prepared by dissolving 1 part of arsenic and potash in 100 

 parts of vinegar and water. 



The Prussian regulations recommend Eberhardt's, Matthews', Fowler's, as 

 well as Viborg's dips. 



The use of arsenical dips is in general quite similar to that of cresolic dips; 

 the sheep should remain 2 to 3 minutes in the fluid and then be vigorously rubbed 

 with brushes. 



Tobacco Dips. The dipping fluid consists of a 2 to 5% tobacco 

 decoction to which a definite quantity of carbolic acid or potash has 

 been added. Tobacco dips are generally efficacious and the cost of 

 their preparation is not high. 



The tobacco dip recommended by the Prussian Government is made by boil- 

 ing 7% kg. of cut up homegrown tobacco in 50 liters of water for half an hour. 

 Then the tobacco is separated by straining, 1 kg. of liquid carbolic acid and 1 kg. 

 of potash are added to the liquid, as well as sufficient water to make up the bulk 

 to 250 liters. The temperature of the dip should be 30° E. (35° C), the duration 

 of the dipping is 2 minutes. The surface of the body of sheep taken out of the bath 

 should be worked for 2 minutes by brushing, unraveling, rubbing and milling. 

 Mangy sheep are then dipped again, and rubbed down. 



Gerlach 's bath is divided into 2 sections, the preparatory bath for softening 

 the crusts consisting of 2 parts of potash, 1 part of burnt lime, and 50 parts of 

 water, and the real scab dip consisting of 3% tobacco decoction, to be used the day 

 after the preparatory bath. Since the tobacco decoction kills only the living mites 

 but not the eggs, the bath should be repeated after 5 to 8 days in order to destroy 

 the mites that have been hatched from the eggs in the meanwhile. According to 

 Roloff it is better to use a 5% tobacco decoction, the effectiveness of the dipping 

 being increased decidedly. A disadvantage of the method lies in the fact that the 

 preparatory bath affects the hands of the attendants rather badly. 



The dip of Kaiser & Ostertag consists in a modification of Ziindel's dip, and 

 is prepared by dissolving 1.5 kg. of crude carbolic acid, 1 kg. of burnt lime, and 

 3 kg. each of soda and soft soap in 260 liters of a 2% tobacco decoction. 



Other Scab Dips. Aside from the above mentioned dips various 

 others used to be employed which were cheaper but less reliable. As 

 such may be mentioned: 



The socalled Walz 's lye which consists of 4 parts of burnt lime, 5 part of 

 potash (or 60 parts of wood ash), 6 parts of stinking animal oil, 3 parts of tar, 

 200 parts of cattle urine and 800 parts of water. The lye has a very weak action. 



